Airport congestion pricing and cost recovery with side business
Airport congestion pricing and cost recovery with side business
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机场拥堵定价和副业成本回收
DOI：
10.1016/j.tra.2017.12.003
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anming Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yukihiro Kidokoro;Anming Zhang
本文探讨了在拥挤的机场，不完全竞争的非航空业市场对成本回收的影响。我们发现，福利最大化下的航空收入低于其成本，因为最优机场收费必须低于第一最优水平，以抵消非航空市场中的市场力量，从而导致收入不足。然而，不完全竞争的非航空服务(“副业”)会带来机场可以分享的正利润，从而提高收回成本的机会。我们证明，机场的总体成本回收，包括副业利润，是可以满足的，这取决于副业利润和副业务的需求弹性。我们的分析进一步确定了“另一种商品”在成本回收中的作用，它可以替代或补充非航空服务。我们分析了另一种商品的外生价格和内生价格这两种情况。当另一种商品的价格是外生的时，比另一种商品市场的边际成本高(低)的价格使成本回收的可能性降低(更大)。当另一种商品的价格是内生的时，当非航空服务和另一种商品是更接近的补充(替代)或/和机场从副业吸收更多(更少)利润时，成本回收更有可能(不太可能)保持下去。此外，还研究了垄断机场不能满足收回成本的可能性。
This paper explores the implications of an imperfectly competitive non-aeronautical market for cost recovery at a congestible airport. We show that aeronautical revenue under welfare maximization is short of its costs, because the optimal airport charge must be set lower than the first-best level, to counteract market power in the non-aeronautical market, which results in insufficient revenue. However, imperfectly competitive non-aeronautical service (“side business”) leads to a positive profit that the airport may share, thereby improving the chance to recover costs. We demonstrate that airport overall cost recovery, including the profit from side business, may be satisfied, depending on the profit from side business and the demand elasticity of side business. Our analysis further identifies the role of “another good,” which can be a substitute or a complement for non-aeronautical service, in cost recovery. We analyze both cases of exogenous and endogenous prices of another good. When the price of another good is exogenous, the price higher (lower) than the marginal cost in the another-good market makes cost recovery less (more) likely. When the price of another good is endogenous, cost recovery is more likely (unlikely) to hold when non-aeronautical service and another good are closer complements (substitutes) or/and the airport absorbs more (less) profits from side business. The possibility that a monopoly airport fails to satisfy cost recovery is also examined.