Three-dimensional growth: a developmental innovation that facilitated plant terrestrialization.
Three-dimensional growth: a developmental innovation that facilitated plant terrestrialization.
复制标题
三维生长：促进植物陆地化的发展创新。
DOI：
10.1007/s10265-020-01173-4
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Moody LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moody LA
地球生命史上最具变革性的事件之一是大约4.7亿年前植物从水中过渡到陆地。轮藻属绿色藻类是陆地植物的近亲，它们的身体结构已经从简单的单细胞进化到形态复杂、大型和多细胞。轮藻通过利用一系列一维和二维生长策略来产生细丝、垫和分支，从而发展了这些广泛的身体计划。当植物在陆地上面临恶劣的条件时，它们需要对它们塑造身体计划的方式进行重大改变。发生的一个基本的发展转变是三维生长的进化和具有三个或更多切割面的顶端细胞的获得。植物随后发展了一系列形态适应（例如脉管系统，根，花，种子），使它们能够在逐渐干燥的环境中定居。三维顶端生长也在褐藻中收敛地进化，完全独立于绿色谱系。这篇综述总结了不断发展的复杂性观察到的早期分歧轮藻所有的方式，通过最早的征服者的土地，并调查三维顶端生长的褐藻。
One of the most transformative events in the history of life on earth was the transition of plants from water to land approximately 470 million years ago. Within the Charophyte green algae, the closest living relatives of land plants, body plans have evolved from those that comprise simple unicells to those that are morphologically complex, large and multicellular. The Charophytes developed these broad ranging body plans by exploiting a range of one-dimensional and two-dimensional growth strategies to produce filaments, mats and branches. When plants were confronted with harsh conditions on land, they were required to make significant changes to the way they shaped their body plans. One of the fundamental developmental transitions that occurred was the evolution of three-dimensional growth and the acquisition of apical cells with three or more cutting faces. Plants subsequently developed a range of morphological adaptations (e.g. vasculature, roots, flowers, seeds) that enabled them to colonise progressively drier environments. 3D apical growth also evolved convergently in the brown algae, completely independently of the green lineage. This review summarises the evolving developmental complexities observed in the early divergent Charophytes all the way through to the earliest conquerors of land, and investigates 3D apical growth in the brown algae.