Maximum depth extensions for Hydrozoa, Tunicata and Ctenophora
Maximum depth extensions for Hydrozoa, Tunicata and Ctenophora
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水螅、被囊和栉水母的最大深度扩展
DOI：
10.1007/s00227-023-04177-5
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
H. Kitazato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Jamieson;D. Lindsay;H. Kitazato
在深海中观察独生子女或稀有物种对于获得生物多样性普查是非常有价值的。在哈达尔深度(>； 6000米)，这些记录提供了动物垂直分布的更完整的图景。在这项研究中，我们提供了由潜水器和支持着陆器在西太平洋拍摄的新的现场视频记录，包括水母纲(水母纲)、海鞘亚纲(鞘亚纲)和触角亚纲(鞭毛纲)。总而言之，这三个分类群存在的深度比以前所知的要深得多。在菲律宾海沟(太平洋西北部)10,063米和10,040米处的着陆器和潜水器上观察到的沙棘棒状丝虫(Pectiscf.profundicola)将水生动物的最大深度延长了997m，这是水生动物 >； 的首次记录。在马里亚纳海沟7799米处观察到9次，在伊豆-小川海沟(太平洋西北部)8077米处观察到一次，因此将其最大深度延长了1726米，并将1002米延伸到可能也属于海鞘亚目的白鳍目。在克尔马德克海沟(西南部太平洋)10,040米处观察到的大型球形有丝状触须和缺乏口瓣的线虫使线虫的最大深度增加了2,823米，这是Ctenophora >； 的第一个记录。在日本海沟也记录到了8001米的底栖线虫，将它们的已知深度范围进一步扩大了2750米。
The observation of singleton or rare species in the deep sea is extremely valuable for gaining a census of biodiversity. At hadal depths (> 6000 m), these records provide a more complete picture of the vertical distribution of fauna. In this study, we present new in situ video records for Trachymedusae (Hydrozoa), Ascidiacea (Tunicata), and Tentaculata (Ctenophora) taken by submersible and supporting landers in the western Pacific Ocean. Together, these three taxonomic groups are present at depths far deeper than previously known. Observations of the rhopalonematid trachymedusa (Pectiscf.profundicola) from both lander and submersible dives at 10,063 and 10,040 m in the Philippine Trench (NW Pacific Ocean) extend the maximum depth of the Hydrozoa by a further 997 m and is the first record of Hydrozoa > 10,000 m. The predatory tunicate Octacnemidae sp. was observed nine times at 7799 m in the Mariana Trench and once at 8077 m in the Izu-Ogasawara Trench (NW Pacific Ocean), therefore extending its maximum depth by 1726 m, and 1002 m to historical accounts of what might also be in the Phlebobranchia order of Ascidiacea. Several observations of large, globular ctenophores with long filamentous tentacles and lacking oral lobes from 10,040 m in the Kermadec Trench (SW Pacific Ocean) increase the maximum depth of the Ctenophora by 2823 m and is the first record of Ctenophora > 10,000 m. Benthic ctenophores were also recorded from the Japan Trench at 8001 m, extending their known depth range by a further 2750 m.