Aircraft-based observations and high-resolution simulations of an Icelandic dust storm
Aircraft-based observations and high-resolution simulations of an Icelandic dust storm
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-12-10649-2012
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
A. Blechschmidt;J. Kristjánsson;H. Ólafsson;J. Burkhart;Ø. Hodnebrog;P. Rosenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Blechschmidt;J. Kristjánsson;H. Ólafsson;J. Burkhart;Ø. Hodnebrog;P. Rosenberg
抽象的。本文介绍了冰岛沙尘暴的首次飞机观测结果。这些测量是2007年2月在冰岛南海岸附近的海洋上进行的。这次沙尘事件与一股超过30米的S−1东风急流同时发生。飞机测量显示，在靠近海岸的冰岛尾流中，低风速区域的粒子质量混合率很高，朝着喷流方向突然下降。天气研究和预报模式与化学耦合(WRF/CHEM)的模拟表明，测量到的高质量混合比和观测到的尾流内部低能见度是由于粉尘从冰岛沙场向海洋输送。气象站资料证实了这一点。位于Mèrdalsjokull冰川附近的冰川喷发地形是模拟的尘埃源之一。当飞机从冰岛飞向喷气式飞机时，强风对海洋表面的影响产生的海盐气溶胶开始占据主导地位。目前的结果支持最近的研究，这些研究表明，冰岛沙漠应被视为全球和区域气候模型中的重要尘埃源。
Abstract. The first aircraft-based observations of an Icelandic dust storm are presented. The measurements were carried out over the ocean near Iceland's south coast in February 2007. This dust event occurred in conjunction with an easterly barrier jet of more than 30 m s −1 . The aircraft measurements show high particle mass mixing ratios in an area of low wind speeds in the wake of Iceland near the coast, decreasing abruptly towards the jet. Simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) indicate that the measured high mass mixing ratios and observed low visibility inside the wake are due to dust transported from Icelandic sand fields towards the ocean. This is confirmed by meteorological station data. Glacial outwash terrains located near the Mýrdalsjokull glacier are among simulated dust sources. Sea salt aerosols produced by the impact of strong winds on the ocean surface started to dominate as the aircraft flew away from Iceland into the jet. The present results support recent studies which suggest that Icelandic deserts should be considered as important dust sources in global and regional climate models.