The potential for stratosphere‐troposphere exchange in cut‐off‐low systems
The potential for stratosphere‐troposphere exchange in cut‐off‐low systems
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DOI：
10.1002/qj.49711951007
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
J. Price;G. Vaughan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Price;G. Vaughan
本文讨论了与能将平流层空气输送到对流层的截止低压（COL）系统有关的三种机制。这些机制是：（一）对流层顶的对流侵蚀，（二）对流层顶的侵蚀湍流与急流，和（三）对流层顶折叠的一个COL的侧翼周围。三个案例研究，检查这些过程中的前两个，并提供证据，平流层对流层交换（STE）发生。此外，结果表明，周期性的再强化的一些COL导致所有这些过程复发或延长。他们的相对重要性，STE进行了讨论，并估计发生的机制（i）的案例研究之一。利用年COL数的统计数据计算了该机制下臭氧的年平均输送量，发现北方的年输送量不超过4%。这一结果表明，COLs中的对流STE对北方半球STE的贡献较小。
Three mechanisms are discussed associated with cut-off-low (COL) systems which can transfer stratospheric air into the troposphere. These mechanisms are: (i) convective erosion of the tropopause, (ii) erosion of the tropopause by turbulence associated with a jet stream, and (iii) tropopause folding around the flank of a COL. Three case studies are presented which examine the first two of these processes and provide evidence that stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) had occurred. Furthermore, results suggest that periodic reintensification of some COLs cause all these processes to recur or be prolonged. Their relative importance to STE is discussed and an estimate for that occurring by mechanism (i) is given for one of the case studies. Statistical data on annual COL numbers are used to calculate and annual mean transfer of ozone by this mechanism, which is found to be no more than 4% of the annual transfer for the northern hemisphere. This result suggests that convective STE in COLs is a minor contributor to the northern hemisphere STE.