Experimental realization of two-dimensional synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases
Experimental realization of two-dimensional synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys3672
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Lianghui;Meng, Zengming;Zhang, Jing
自旋轨道耦合 (SOC) 是许多物理现象的核心，包括原子光谱的精细结构和超冷原子的拓扑相。一般来说，SOC 在系统中是固定的，而激光原子相互作用提供了一种在超冷原子中创建和控制合成 SOC 的方法 (1)。尽管该领域取得了重大实验进展(2-8)，但对于探索二维和三维拓扑相至关重要的二维 (2D) 合成 SOC 仍然缺乏。在这里，我们报告了使用三个激光器在超冷 K-40 费米气体中实现 2D SOC 的实验，每个激光器修饰一个原子超精细自旋态。通过自旋注入射频 (rf) 光谱 (4)，我们探测了修饰原子的自旋分辨能量色散，并观察了 2D SOC 产生的高度可控的狄拉克点。这些结果构成了实现新的物质拓扑状态的一步。
Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is central to many physical phenomena, including fine structures of atomic spectra and topological phases in ultracold atoms. Whereas, in general, SOC is fixed in a system, laser-atom interaction provides a means to create and control synthetic SOC in ultracold atoms(1). Despite significant experimental progress in this area(2-8), two-dimensional (2D) synthetic SOC, which is crucial for exploring two-and three-dimensional topological phases, is lacking. Here, we report the experimental realization of 2D SOC in ultracold K-40 Fermi gases using three lasers, each of which dresses one atomic hyperfine spin state. Through spin-injection radiofrequency (rf) spectroscopy(4), we probe the spin-resolved energy dispersions of the dressed atoms, and observe a highly controllable Dirac point created by the 2D SOC. These results constitute a step towards the realization of new topological states of matter.