Development of new large calorimeter prototypes based on LaBr3(Ce) and LYSO crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers: A direct comparison
Development of new large calorimeter prototypes based on LaBr3(Ce) and LYSO crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers: A direct comparison
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2019.162999
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
A. Papa;P. Schwendimann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Papa;P. Schwendimann
在强度前沿进行的新量热实验面临的挑战是为探测器提供超精确的时间分辨率和最高的能量分辨率。市场上两种非常有前途的材料是BrilLanCe（掺铈溴化镧LaBr 3 (Ce)）和LYSO（氧原硅酸钇钇，Lu 2 (1− x) Y 2 x SiO 5 (Ce)），这两种材料得到了旨在提供相对较大晶体的最新发展的支持。研究了以 55 MeV 能量用伽马射线发射的 LaBr 3 (Ce) 和 LYSO 原型的响应。获得了非常有希望的结果。对于新推出的（半径 R= 4.45 cm，长度 L= 20.32 cm）LaBr 3 (Ce) 晶体，预计能量分辨率为 σ E∕ E≈ 2.36 (8)%，时间分辨率为 σ t= 35 (1) ps。通过使用较大的晶体（R= 6.35 cm 或 R= 7.62 cm，L= 20.32 cm）可以进一步提高能量分辨率，分别接近 σ E∕ E= 1.20 (3)% 或 σ E∕ E= 0.91 (1)%。由于较短的辐射长度 X 0 和较小的莫里哀半径 (R M)，与目前可用的 LaBr3 (Ce) 制成的较大晶体相比，现有尺寸（半径 R= 3.5 cm，L= 16 cm）的 LYSO 晶体在能量沉积方面表现更好。可以获得 σ E∕ E= 1.48 (4)% 的能量分辨率，通过使用更大的晶体（R= 6.5 cm，L= 25 cm）进一步提高到 σ E∕ E= 0.74 (1)%。可以实现比 LaBr 3 (Ce) 性能较差但比任何当今可用的在此能量下工作的量热计更好的计时分辨率，并且预计为 σ t= 49 (1) ps。这些结果将这些材料与位于探测器前沿的硅光电倍增管耦合，用于未来强度前沿的高能量热法。
The challenges for new calorimetry for incoming experiments at the intensity frontier is to provide detectors with ultra-precise time resolution and supreme energy resolution. Two very promising materials on the market are BrilLanCe (Cerium doped Lanthanum Bromide LaBr 3 (Ce)) and LYSO (Lutetium Yttrium OxyorthoSilicate, Lu 2 (1− x) Y 2 x SiO 5 (Ce)), supported by recent developments aiming at providing relatively large crystals. The response of LaBr 3 (Ce) and LYSO prototypes fired with gammas at an energy of 55 MeV have been studied. Very promising results were obtained. For the newly available (radius R= 4.45 cm, length L= 20.32 cm) LaBr 3 (Ce) crystal an energy resolution of σ E∕ E≈ 2.36 (8)% and a timing resolution of σ t= 35 (1) ps have been predicted. The energy resolution can be further improved by using larger crystals (either R= 6.35 cm or R= 7.62 cm, L= 20.32 cm) approaching respectively a σ E∕ E= 1.20 (3)% or a σ E∕ E= 0.91 (1)%. Due to the shorter radiation length X 0 and smaller Molière radius (R M) a LYSO crystal of the available size (radius R= 3.5 cm, L= 16 cm) performs better in terms of energy deposit compared to the currently available larger crystal made of LaBr3 (Ce). An energy resolution of σ E∕ E= 1.48 (4)% can be obtained, further improved by using bigger crystals (R= 6.5 cm, L= 25 cm) to σ E∕ E= 0.74 (1)%. A timing resolution less performing than the LaBr 3 (Ce) but better than any nowadays available calorimeter working at this energy can be achieved and is expected to be σ t= 49 (1) ps. Such results put these materials coupled to silicon photomultipliers at the detector forefront for future high energy calorimetry at the intensity frontier.