Task control signals in pediatric Tourette syndrome show evidence of immature and anomalous functional activity
Task control signals in pediatric Tourette syndrome show evidence of immature and anomalous functional activity
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DOI：
10.3389/neuro.09.038.2009
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Schlaggar, Bradley L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Church, Jessica A.;Wenger, Kristin K.;Schlaggar, Bradley L.
图雷特综合征（TS）是一种儿科运动障碍，可能会影响大脑中的控制信号。先前的工作已经提出了控制处理的双网络架构，其涉及任务维护网络和自适应控制网络（Dosenbach等人，2008年）。先前在TS中的静息状态功能连接MRI（rs-fcMRI）分析揭示了两个假定控制网络中的功能不成熟，具有“异常”相关性（即，典型发育范围之外的相关性）局限于自适应控制网络（Church等人，2009年）。本研究使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究与适应性控制（通过研究启动提示信号）和任务维持（通过研究任务集上持续的信号）相关的大脑活动。从以前的rs-fcMRI结果的两个假设进行了测试。首先，自适应控制（即，开始-提示）活动将在TS中改变，包括与典型发育不一致的活动（“异常”）。第二，在任务维持中发现的群体差异（即，持续）活动将与TS中的功能不成熟一致。我们检查了通过直接比较患有和没有TS的青少年发现的区域，以及来自以前的调查显示未受影响的儿童和成人之间存在差异的区域。TS组在典型发育过程中起始线索活动不变的区域显示起始线索信号幅度降低，这与异常适应性控制一致。TS组在额叶皮层区域也有更高幅度的持续信号，这些区域与典型发育的差异重叠，与TS中的不成熟任务维持一致。结果表明，任务相关的功能磁共振成像信号的差异预期的非典型功能连接以前发现青少年TS，加强功能不成熟和异常信号在控制网络中的青少年TS的证据。
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a pediatric movement disorder that may affect control signaling in the brain. Previous work has proposed a dual-networks architecture of control processing involving a task-maintenance network and an adaptive control network (Dosenbach et al., 2008). A prior resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) analysis in TS has revealed functional immaturity in both putative control networks, with "anomalous" correlations (i.e., correlations outside the typical developmental range) limited to the adaptive control network (Church et al., 2009). The present study used functional MRI (fMRI) to study brain activity related to adaptive control (by studying start-cues signals), and to task-maintenance (by studying signals sustained across a task set). Two hypotheses from the previous rs-fcMRI results were tested. First, adaptive control (i.e., start-cue) activity will be altered in TS, including activity inconsistent with typical development ("anomalous"). Second, group differences found in task-maintenance (i.e., sustained) activity will be consistent with functional immaturity in TS. We examined regions found through a direct comparison of adolescents with and without TS, as well as regions derived from a previous investigation that showed differences between unaffected children and adults. The TS group showed decreased start-cue signal magnitude in regions where start-cue activity is unchanged over typical development, consistent with anomalous adaptive control. The TS group also had higher magnitude sustained signals in frontal cortex regions that overlapped with regions showing differences over typical development, consistent with immature task-maintenance in TS. The results demonstrate task-related fMRI signal differences anticipated by the atypical functional connectivity found previously in adolescents with TS, strengthening the evidence for functional immaturity and anomalous signaling in control networks in adolescents with TS.