Against reactionary populism: towards a new public archaeology
Against reactionary populism: towards a new public archaeology
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反对反动民粹主义：走向新的公共考古学
作者：
Alfredo González;P. González;F. Criado
从巴西到英国，2016年是全球政治的关键一年。遗产、伦理和考古学家与公众联系的方式都受到了影响，现在是时候批判性地反思“反动民粹主义”现象以及它如何影响考古学的实践和理论了。“反动民粹主义”可以被定义为一种政治形式，在身份政治（如多元文化主义、堕胎权、少数民族权利、宗教自由）方面是反自由的，但在经济政策上是自由的。它以民族主义、种族主义和反智主义为特征，正如朱迪思·巴特勒（Judith Butler）在最近的一次采访中所说，它希望“在怀旧或对特权丧失的感知驱动下，恢复早期的社会状态”（Soloveitchik 2016）。我们在这里的目的是要说明，社会科学和人文学科的自由主义、多声音模式不再是一个可行的选择。相反，我们要求我们的同事拥抱一个准备好介入更广泛的公共辩论的考古学，不局限于遗产或地方相关性的问题，不怕在公共领域捍卫自己的专业知识，并致力于反思，批判性的教学。
From Brazil to the United Kingdom, 2016 was a critical year in global politics. Heritage, ethics and the way that archaeologists relate to the public were and will all be affected, and it is time to reflect critically on the phenomenon of ‘reactionary populism’ and how it affects the practice and theory of archaeology. ‘Reactionary populism’ can be defined as a political form that is anti-liberal in terms of identity politics (e.g. multiculturalism, abortion rights, minority rights, religious freedom), but liberal in economic policies. It is characterised by nationalism, racism and anti-intellectualism, and as Judith Butler states in a recent interview, it wants “to restore an earlier state of society, driven by nostalgia or a perceived loss of privilege” (Soloveitchik 2016). Our intention here is to argue that the liberal, multi-vocal model of the social sciences and the humanities is no longer a viable option. Instead, we ask our colleagues to embrace an archaeology that is ready to intervene in wider public debates not limited to issues of heritage or of local relevance, is not afraid of defending its expert knowledge in the public arena, and is committed to reflective, critical teaching.