Snapshots of dynamics in synthesizing N(6)-isopentenyladenosine at the tRNA anticodon.

Snapshots of dynamics in synthesizing N(6)-isopentenyladenosine at the tRNA anticodon.
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DOI:
10.1021/bi900337d
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发表时间:
2009-06-16
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Tanaka, Isao
Tanaka, Isao
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chimnaronk, Sarin;Forouhar, Farhad;Sakai, Junichi;Yao, Min;Tron, Cecile M.;Atta, Mohamed;Fontecave, Marc;Hunt, John F.;Tanaka, Isao

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细菌和真核细胞的转移RNA解码的密码子开始尿苷在位置37(A37)邻近反密码子的3′-端,这是必要的有效和高度准确的蛋白质翻译的核糖体的疏水高度修饰的腺苷。然而,目前还不清楚如何选择相应的tRNA在腺苷碱基的正确位置进行烷基化修饰。我们已经确定了一系列的晶体结构的细菌tRNA异戊烯基转移酶(MiaA)的载脂蛋白和tRNA结合的形式,这完全呈现快照的底物选择在RNA的修饰。MiaA中的紧凑的进化插入结构域(本文称为“摆动结构域”)表现为高度移动的实体,其围绕催化结构域移动,可能到达并捕获tRNA底物。因此,MiaA将tRNA底物的反密码子茎环夹在催化结构域和摆动结构域之间,其中来自摆动结构域的两个保守的延长残基将两个侧翼A36和A38夹在一起,以将A37挤出到反应通道中。因此,RNA的位点特异性异戊烯基化通过特征性的夹捏和翻转机制和限制底物选择的反应隧道来确保。此外,结合浸泡实验与结构比较的信息,我们提出了MiaA有序底物结合的机制。
Bacterial and eukaryotic transfer RNAs that decode codons starting with uridine have a hydrophobically-hypermodified adenosine at the position 37 (A37) adjacent to the 3′-end of the anticodon, which is essential for efficient and highly accurate protein translation by the ribosome. However, it remains unclear how the corresponding tRNAs are selected to be modified by alkylation at the correct position of the adenosine base. We have determined a series of the crystal structures of bacterial tRNA isopentenyltransferase (MiaA) in apo- and tRNA-bound forms, which completely render snapshots of substrate selections during modification of RNA. A compact evolutionary inserted domain (herein ‘swinging domain’) in MiaA that exhibits as a highly mobile entity moves around the catalytic domain as likely to reach and trap the tRNA substrate. Thereby, MiaA clamps the anticodon stem loop of tRNA substrate between the catalytic and swinging domains, where the two conserved elongated residues from the swinging domain pinch the two flanking A36 and A38 together to squeeze out A37 into the reaction tunnel. The site-specific isopentenylation of RNA is thus ensured by a characteristic pinch-and-flip mechanism and by a reaction tunnel to confine the substrate selection. Furthermore, combining information from soaking experiments with structural comparisons, we propose a mechanism for the ordered substrate-binding of MiaA.
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