The freezing of raindrops falling through strong electric fields
The freezing of raindrops falling through strong electric fields
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/qj.49709741409
复制
发表时间：
1971-10
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Michael H. Smith;R. Griffiths;J. Latham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael H. Smith;R. Griffiths;J. Latham
半径约为2 mm、温度范围为0至−12°C的过冷水滴从支撑物上脱落，当它们随后落入强电场区域时可能会被破坏。照片显示，如果液滴不被破坏，则不会发生冻结，但如果液滴被破坏，冻结的液滴比例从约-5 °C的0稳步增加到约-10 ° C的0.6。在破裂过程中，火花进入液滴并不影响冻结概率。对大约200滴进行了研究。对大量过冷水和悬挂在机械支架上的液滴进行的一系列实验表明，成核是通过空化来启动的。这一结论得到了高速照片的加强，这些照片显示了破裂发生时空腔气泡的产生和破裂，并强烈表明在这些气泡破裂时从这些气泡的位置开始冻结。
Supercooled water drops of radius around 2 mm and temperature ranging from 0 to −12°C were detached from a support and could be disrupted as they subsequently fell into a region of intense electric field. Photographs showed that whereas no freezing occurred if the drops were not disrupted the fraction of drops that froze increased steadily from 0 at about −5°C to around 0.6 at –10°C if they were disrupted. The passage of a spark to the drops during disruption did not affect the freezing probability. Studies were made on about 200 drops. A series of experiments on bulk supercooled water and drops suspended from mechanical supports indicated that nucleation was initiated by means of cavitation. This conclusion was reinforced by high speed photographs showing the production and collapse of cavity bubbles when disruption occurred and indicating strongly that freezing initiated from the sites of these bubbles at the time of their collapse.