Factorial and indicator kriging methods using a geographic information system to delineate spatial variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals
Factorial and indicator kriging methods using a geographic information system to delineate spatial variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals
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DOI：
10.1007/s00254-002-0600-5
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tseng, CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lin, YP;Chang, TK;Tseng, CH
本研究以地理资讯系统（GIS）为基础，利用因子克里格法与指示克里格法，对台湾昌化县北部农田土壤重金属的变异与污染源进行叠加与描绘。在此基础上，对土壤镉、铬、铜的空间变异和污染概率模式进行了估算，为进一步的环境监测、修复和规划提供了依据。工业厂房、灌溉渠道和克里金估值的叠加图构成了一个地理信息系统。这表明，短期和长期的变化和土壤污染的Cd，Cr和Cu强烈对应的灌溉系统和工业工厂在研究区域的位置。这些地图还从地理信息系统数据库中核实了大多数可疑污染源的位置。此外，概率空间格局估计的指示克立格，基于污染阈值的镉，铬和铜，也高度相关的灌溉渠道和工业厂房。GIS结合土壤Cd、Cr、Cu不同变异和污染概率组合下的因子克里格和指示克里格，为划定土壤Cd、Cr、Cu高变异和高污染概率区域提供了备选方案，使决策者能够识别污染源，并进一步调查和修复土壤污染。
This study uses factorial and indicator kriging methods with a geographic information system (GIS), to overlay and delineate the variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals in fields in the north of Changhua County, Taiwan. Accordingly, the spatial variation and pollution probability patterns of soil cadmium, chromium and copper are estimated to support further environmental monitoring, remediation and planning. The overlay maps of industrial plants, irrigation channels and kriging estimates, constitute a GIS. This reveals that the short- and long-range variations and soil pollution by Cd, Cr and Cu strongly corresponded to the locations of irrigation systems and industrial plants in the area of study. The maps also verify most locations of suspected pollution sources from the GIS database. Moreover, the probability spatial patterns estimated by indicator kriging, based on the pollution thresholds of Cd, Cr and Cu, were also highly correlated with irrigation channels and industrial plants. The GIS, with factorial and indicator kriging under different combinations of variations and pollution probabilities of soil Cd, Cr and Cu, provide alternative scenarios for delineating the areas that contain high variation and high pollution probability of these heavy metals, to enable decision makers to identify pollution sources, and to further investigate and remedy soil pollution.