Review: Environmental tracers in arid-zone hydrology
Review: Environmental tracers in arid-zone hydrology
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DOI：
10.1007/s10040-010-0652-7
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发表时间：
2011-11
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
A. Herczeg;F. Leaney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Herczeg;F. Leaney
回顾了过去几十年来环境示踪剂在干旱带水文学中的应用，特别是澳大利亚大陆。在应用稳定同位素和放射性同位素方面取得的一些显著成功包括：确定干旱地区的地下水为古水，了解突发事件和大洪水事件对补给的重要性，以及确定植被的水源。补给率和排泄率的估计在很大程度上取决于非饱和区的氯和氚分布，而放射性碳和氯-36则用于估计水平流量。提出了一些新的研究机会。为了更好地量化跨越这些区域的水通量，需要更好地了解改变界面区(如土壤区、毛细管区和排放区的上部5米)的同位素特征的过程。此外，虽然定性地了解了大气-土壤-水-植被连续体之间的联系，但没有将其定量转移到与盆地规模的地下水管理相称的规模。新一代经过改进和更加强大的稳定同位素和辐射测年技术，将对推动这一科学及其在更好地管理世界干旱地区稀缺水资源方面的应用起到非常宝贵的作用。
Application of environmental tracers to aridzone hydrology over the past several decades is reviewed, with particular reference to the Australian continent. Some notable successes in the application of stable and radioisotopes include identifying arid-zone groundwater as palaeowaters, understanding the importance of episodicity and of large flood events to recharge, and delineating sources of water to vegetation. Estimating the rates of recharge and discharge have relied to a large extent on chloride and tritium profiles in the unsaturated zone, while radiocarbon and chlorine-36 are used to estimate horizontal flow rates. A number of new research opportunities are suggested. Improved understanding of processes that modify isotopic signatures at the interface zones such as the upper 5m of the soil zone, the capillary zone, and the discharge zone, are needed to better quantify water fluxes across these zones. Furthermore, linkages between the atmosphere-soil-water-vegetation continuum although qualitatively understood, elude quantitative transfer to a scale commensurate with basin-scale groundwater management. The new generation of improved and more robust stable isotope and radiometric dating techniques, will be invaluable in advancing the science and its application to better management of meagre water resources in dry parts of the world.