Smoker and ex-smoker reactions to cigarettes claiming reduced risk
Smoker and ex-smoker reactions to cigarettes claiming reduced risk
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2003.005272
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Di Marino, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shiffman, S;Pillitteri, JL;Di Marino, ME
背景：烟草行业正在推出声称可以降低吸烟风险的改良烟草产品(潜在的减少暴露产品，PREP)。如果Prep被认为是安全的，它们可能会阻止吸烟者戒烟，并鼓励已经戒烟的吸烟者重新开始。目标：评估吸烟者和前吸烟者对Prep的看法，以及Prep声明对(吸烟者)戒烟或恢复吸烟(前吸烟者)兴趣的影响。设计：一项对美国吸烟者和前吸烟者的随机数字拨号调查。我们使用了一种改装的预制香烟--日食，作为预习的范例。在调查中，采访者宣读了制造商为日食公司提出的降低风险的声明，评估了吸烟者在暴露前后戒烟的兴趣。参与者：1000名当前吸烟者和499名戒烟者(300人在过去两年内戒烟)，年龄在18岁以上。主要观察指标：对使用日食降低风险的感知；对使用日食的兴趣；吸烟者对戒烟兴趣的评估采用阶段性改变方法(暴露于声称前后)。结果：91%的吸烟者认为日食比普通香烟更安全。24%的人认为月食是完全安全的。57.4%的吸烟者对使用Eclipse感兴趣；正在考虑戒烟的吸烟者兴趣最大。在接触到Eclipse的声明之后，辞职的兴趣降低了。在所有戒烟者中，对日食的兴趣是6.2%，但在两年内戒烟的年轻人(18-25岁)中，兴趣是15.2%。结论：吸烟者有很大的风险过度解读改装烟草产品所宣称的降低风险。Preps对正在考虑戒烟的吸烟者很有吸引力，接触降低风险的产品声称似乎会降低吸烟者戒烟的意愿。Preps还吸引了最近戒烟的年轻人。因此，降低风险的烟草产品声称可能会破坏成人戒烟和青少年预防，即使产品毒性较低，也可能导致更大的危害。
Context: The tobacco industry is introducing modified tobacco products claiming to reduce the risk of smoking ( potential reduced exposure products, PREPs). If PREPs are perceived as safe, they may deter smokers from quitting and encourage re-initiation by smokers who have quit.Objective: To assess smokers' and ex-smokers' perceptions of PREPs and the impact of PREP claims on interest in quitting ( among smokers) or in resuming smoking (ex-smokers).Design: A random-digit-dialled survey of US smokers and ex-smokers. We used Eclipse, a modified PREP cigarette, as an exemplar PREP. During the survey, the interviewer read risk reduction claims made for Eclipse by its manufacturer, assessing smokers' interest in quitting before and after the exposure.Participants: 1000 current cigarette smokers and 499 ex-smokers ( 300 quit within the last two years), over 18 years old. Main outcome measures: Perception of risk reduction from Eclipse; interest in using Eclipse; smokers' interest in quitting was assessed using a stage of change approach (pre- and post-exposure to claims).Results: 91% of smokers thought Eclipse was safer than regular cigarettes. 24% believed Eclipse was completely safe. 57.4% of smokers were interested in using Eclipse; interest was greatest among smokers who were contemplating quitting. Exposure to Eclipse's claims was followed by reduced interest in quitting. Among all ex-smokers, interest in Eclipse was 6.2%, but interest was 15.2% among young adults ( 18 - 25 years) who had stopped smoking within two years.Conclusions: There is substantial risk that smokers will overinterpret reduced risk claims made for modified tobacco products. PREPs appeal to smokers who are contemplating quitting and exposure to reduced risk product claims appears to reduce smokers' readiness to quit. PREPs also appealed to young adults who had recently stopped smoking. Thus, reduced risk tobacco product claims can undermine adult cessation and youth prevention, possibly resulting in increased harm even if the products are less toxic.