The role of substance use in child welfare caseloads
The role of substance use in child welfare caseloads
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DOI：
10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.015
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Crouse, Gilbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghertner, Robin;Waters, Annette;Crouse, Gilbert
传闻证据表明，最近寄养案件数量的增加是由于父母使用药物，特别是滥用阿片类药物的增加。这项研究测试了2011年至2016年期间美国大多数县的儿童福利案件量与药物使用流行率的两项指标之间的关联，包括药物过量死亡和药物相关住院。我们使用几个统计模型来解释混杂因素，包括检查跨县变化以及县内变化的模型。我们发现了四个主要发现。首先，这两项措施与较高的寄养入学率呈正相关，在考虑了各种人口，社会经济和其他地方和州一级的因素。第二，我们发现，在大都市县比在非大都市县的关系更强。第三，由于不同类别的物质，包括阿片类药物，住院率与寄养进入率有可比的关系，尽管酒精的关系最强。最后，较高的药物使用率预示着更复杂和严重的儿童虐待案件，在过量死亡和药物住院率较高的县，更多的儿童最终被寄养。
Anecdotal evidence suggests that recent rises in foster care caseloads are due to increasing parental substance use, particularly misuse of opioids. This study tests the association between child welfare caseloads and two measures of substance use prevalence, including drug overdose deaths and drug-related hospitalizations, for most counties in the United States over the 2011 to 2016 period. We use several statistical models to account for confounding factors, including models examining cross-county variation as well as within county variation. We find four primary findings. First, both measures positively associate with higher foster care entry rates, after accounting for various demographic, socioeconomic, and other local and state-level factors. Second, we find that the relationship is stronger in metropolitan counties than in non-metropolitan counties. Third, hospitalization rates due to different classes of substances, including opioids, have comparable relationships with foster care entry rates, though alcohol has the strongest relationship. Finally, higher substance use prevalence predicts more complex and severe cases of child maltreatment, with more children ending up in foster care in counties with higher overdose death and drug hospitalization rates.