Role of Tolerances and Process Capability Data in Product and Process Design Integration
Role of Tolerances and Process Capability Data in Product and Process Design Integration
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公差和工艺能力数据在产品和工艺设计集成中的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Iris D. Tommelein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Colin Milberg;Iris D. Tommelein
从作者的经验的情况下，揭示了尺寸公差，在物理尺寸的组件和它们在系统中的位置;交互复合项目中的过程的可变性和不确定性。可变性增加了周期时间长、在制品水平高的工艺成本;由于资源利用率低而造成的产能浪费;产量损失，以及废物的普遍增加（质量差和废料增加）（Hopp和斯皮尔曼，2000年）。早期的可施工性研究支持这一观点：因为它确定尺寸公差是施工容易性以及随后的成本和进度的主要因素（奥康纳1989和CII 1986）。虽然可施工性研究已经开发了许多工具应用于设计，似乎没有一个集中在如何确定适当的公差。此外，AEC以外的其他行业通过仔细测量和了解其系统内公差的影响，取得了显著的改进。因此，量化施工操作和材料的尺寸公差，并制定策略以减轻其影响是研究和设计实践中的一个重要目标。基于一个案例研究，建议的战略，产品设计师面临的挑战，设计系统，以适应大多数过程的可变性，而不影响项目目标。
A case from the authors’ experience reveals that dimensional tolerance, in terms of physical dimensions of components and their position within the system; interact to compound the process variability and uncertainty within a project. Variability adds to the costs of a process with long cycle times, high work in progress levels; wasted capacity due to low utilization of resources; lost throughput, and a general increase in waste (poor quality and increased scrap) (Hopp and Spearman 2000). Early constructability research supports this observation: as it identified dimensional tolerances as a major factor in ease of construction and subsequently cost and schedule (O’Connor 1989 and CII 1986). Though constructability research has developed many tools for application to design, none appear to have focused on how to identify appropriate tolerances. In addition, other industries outside AEC have made significant improvements by carefully measuring and understanding the effects of tolerances within their systems. Quantifying dimensional tolerances for construction operations and materials, and developing strategies to mitigate their effects is therefore an important objective in research and design practice. Based on a case study, a strategy is recommended in which product designers are challenged to design systems that accommodate most process variability without compromising project goals.