Regulation of imprinted gene expression in Arabidopsis endosperm
Regulation of imprinted gene expression in Arabidopsis endosperm
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1019273108
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fischer, Robert L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hsieh, Tzung-Fu;Shin, Juhyun;Fischer, Robert L.
印记基因主要或完全由母本或父本等位基因表达，这是在开花植物和哺乳动物中发生的现象。有花植物的印记基因表达主要在胚乳中进行描述，胚乳是种子发育期间或萌发后被胚消耗的末端营养组织。拟南芥胚乳中的印记表达是由父本和母本基因组之间的胞嘧啶DNA甲基化差异以及Polycomb组蛋白质协调的。目前，只有11个印迹A。拟南芥基因是已知的。在此，我们使用广泛的cDNA文库测序，以确定9个父亲表达和34个母亲表达的印记基因在A。拟南芥胚乳中的DNA-去甲基化糖基化酶DEMETER、DNA甲基转移酶MET 1和/或核心Polycomb组蛋白FIE调节。这些基因编码转录因子、参与激素信号传导的蛋白质、泛素蛋白降解途径的组分、组蛋白和DNA甲基化的调节剂以及小RNA途径蛋白质。我们还鉴定了可能受未知机制调控或从母体组织沉积的母体表达基因。我们在胚胎中没有检测到任何印记基因。我们的研究结果表明，印记基因表达是一个广泛的机制复杂的现象，可能会影响种子发育的多个方面。
Imprinted genes are expressed primarily or exclusively from either the maternal or paternal allele, a phenomenon that occurs in flowering plants and mammals. Flowering plant imprinted gene expression has been described primarily in endosperm, a terminal nutritive tissue consumed by the embryo during seed development or after germination. Imprinted expression in Arabidopsis thaliana endosperm is orchestrated by differences in cytosine DNA methylation between the paternal and maternal genomes as well as by Polycomb group proteins. Currently, only 11 imprinted A. thaliana genes are known. Here, we use extensive sequencing of cDNA libraries to identify 9 paternally expressed and 34 maternally expressed imprinted genes in A. thaliana endosperm that are regulated by the DNA-demethylating glycosylase DEMETER, the DNA methyltransferase MET1, and/or the core Polycomb group protein FIE. These genes encode transcription factors, proteins involved in hormone signaling, components of the ubiquitin protein degradation pathway, regulators of histone and DNA methylation, and small RNA pathway proteins. We also identify maternally expressed genes that may be regulated by unknown mechanisms or deposited from maternal tissues. We did not detect any imprinted genes in the embryo. Our results show that imprinted gene expression is an extensive mechanistically complex phenomenon that likely affects multiple aspects of seed development.