Frontiers in páramo water resources research: A multidisciplinary assessment
Frontiers in páramo water resources research: A multidisciplinary assessment
复制标题
帕拉莫水资源研究前沿：多学科评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164373
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Manosalvas, Rossana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mosquera, Giovanny M.;Hofstede, Robert;Bremer, Leah L.;Asbjornsen, Heidi;Carabajo-Hidalgo, Aldemar;Célleri, Rolando;Crespo, Patricio;Esquivel-Hernández, Germain;Feyen, Jan;Manosalvas, Rossana
跨学科知识是实现自然资源可持续管理的必要条件。然而，研究仍然往往是以专门的学科方式进行的，妨碍了全面解决环境问题的能力。本研究的重点是帕拉莫，一组高海拔生态系统，位于海拔3000至5000米左右。分布于委内瑞拉西部、哥伦比亚北方、厄瓜多尔至北方秘鲁的安第斯山脉，以及中美洲巴拿马和哥斯达黎加的高地。帕拉莫是一个社会生态系统，自公元前10，000年以来一直由人类活动居住和塑造。该系统因向数百万人提供与水有关的生态系统服务而受到高度重视，因为它是安第斯-亚马逊地区主要河流（包括亚马逊河）的源头。我们提出了一个多学科的评估同行评议的研究非生物（物理和化学），生物（生态和生态生理），和社会政治方面和帕拉莫水资源的元素。通过系统性文献综述过程，共评价了147篇出版物。我们发现，58%、19%和23%的研究主题分别与帕拉莫水资源的非生物、生物和社会政治方面有关。从地理上看，大多数出版物是在厄瓜多尔编写的（占综合出版物的71%）。从2010年起，对水文过程的理解，包括降水和雾的动力学，蒸散，土壤水输送和径流产生的改善，特别是对厄瓜多尔南部潮湿的páramo。对páramo产生的水的化学质量的调查很少，对páramo环境产生高质量水的普遍信念提供了很少的经验支持。大多数生态学研究考察了páramo陆地和水生环境之间的耦合，但很少直接评估流中代谢和营养循环过程。关于影响沼泽地水平衡的生态生理和生态水文过程之间联系的研究仍然很少，主要与安第斯沼泽地的主要植被有关，即，草丛草（pajonal）。社会政治研究涉及湿地治理以及水基金和水文服务付费的实施和意义。直接涉及páramo社区用水、获取和治理的研究仍然有限。重要的是，我们发现只有少数跨学科研究结合了至少两个不同性质的学科的方法，尽管它们在支持决策方面具有价值。我们希望这一多学科综合将成为一个里程碑，促进参与并致力于帕拉莫自然资源可持续管理的个人和实体之间的跨学科和跨学科对话。最后，我们还强调了帕拉莫水资源研究的关键前沿，我们认为需要在未来几年/几十年内解决这一问题，以实现这一目标。
Interdisciplinary knowledge is necessary to achieve sustainable management of natural resources. However, research is still often developed in an exclusively disciplinary manner, hampering the capacity to holistically address environmental issues. This study focuses on páramo, a group of high-elevation ecosystems situated around ∼3000 to ∼5000 m a.s.l. in the Andes from western Venezuela and northern Colombia through Ecuador down to northern Peru, and in the highlands of Panama and Costa Rica in Central America. Páramo is a social-ecological system that has been inhabited and shaped by human activity since ∼10,000 years BP. This system is highly valued for the water-related ecosystem services provided to millions of people because it forms the headwaters of major rivers in the Andean-Amazon region, including the Amazon River. We present a multidisciplinary assessment of peer-reviewed research on the abiotic (physical and chemical), biotic (ecological and ecophysiological), and social-political aspects and elements of páramo water resources. A total of 147 publications were evaluated through a systematic literature review process. We found that thematically 58, 19, and 23 % of the analyzed studies are related to the abiotic, biotic, and social-political aspects of páramo water resources, respectively. Geographically, most publications were developed in Ecuador (71 % of the synthesized publications). From 2010 onwards, the understanding of hydrological processes including precipitation and fog dynamics, evapotranspiration, soil water transport, and runoff generation improved, particularly for the humid páramo of southern Ecuador. Investigations on the chemical quality of water generated by páramo are rare, providing little empirical support to the widespread belief that páramo environments generate water of high quality. Most ecological studies examined the coupling between páramo terrestrial and aquatic environments, but few directly assessed in-stream metabolic and nutrient cycling processes. Studies focused on the connection between ecophysiological and ecohydrological processes influencing páramo water balance are still scarce and mainly related to the dominant vegetation in the Andean páramo, i.e., tussock grass (pajonal). Social-political studies addressed páramo governance and the implementation and significance of water funds and payment for hydrological services. Studies directly addressing water use, access, and governance in páramo communities remain limited. Importantly, we found only a few interdisciplinary studies combining methodologies from at least two disciplines of different nature despite their value in supporting decision-making. We expect this multidisciplinary synthesis to become a milestone to foster interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary dialogue among individuals and entities involved in and committed to the sustainable management of páramo natural resources. Finally, we also highlight key frontiers in páramo water resources research, which in our view need to be addressed in the coming years/decades to achieve this goal.