Evolutionary analysis and expression profiling of zebra finch immune genes.

Evolutionary analysis and expression profiling of zebra finch immune genes.
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DOI:
10.1093/gbe/evq061
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Burke T
Burke T
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ekblom R;French L;Slate J;Burke T

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免疫系统的基因通常被认为是由于宿主-寄生虫共同进化而快速进化的。因此,它们在进化生物学和分子生态学中具有极大的兴趣。在这项研究中,我们手动注释了144个鸟类免疫基因从斑胸草雀(Taeniopygia guttata)基因组,并进行了进化分析,通过比较它们的直系同源物在鸡(原鸡)。与其他类别的免疫基因相比,分类为免疫受体的基因显示出升高的dN/dS比。一般来说,免疫基因似乎也比其他基因进化得更快,这是从与基因组其他部分相比更高的dN/dS比率推断出来的。此外,10个基因(27),其序列数据可从至少三种鸟类的证据表明,积极的选择作用于特定的密码子。从8种不同组织的转录组数据中,我们发现了106种所研究的免疫基因表达的证据,其中大部分主要表达在囊、血液和脾脏中。与斑胸草雀基因组中的其他基因相比,这些免疫相关基因表现出更强的组织特异性表达模式。这里研究的几个鸟类免疫基因为深入研究鸟类的分子适应性提供了强有力的候选基因。
Genes of the immune system are generally considered to evolve rapidly due to host–parasite coevolution. They are therefore of great interest in evolutionary biology and molecular ecology. In this study, we manually annotated 144 avian immune genes from the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) genome and conducted evolutionary analyses of these by comparing them with their orthologs in the chicken (Gallus gallus). Genes classified as immune receptors showed elevated dN/dS ratios compared with other classes of immune genes. Immune genes in general also appear to be evolving more rapidly than other genes, as inferred from a higher dN/dS ratio compared with the rest of the genome. Furthermore, ten genes (of 27) for which sequence data were available from at least three bird species showed evidence of positive selection acting on specific codons. From transcriptome data of eight different tissues, we found evidence for expression of 106 of the studied immune genes, with primary expression of most of these in bursa, blood, and spleen. These immune-related genes showed a more tissue-specific expression pattern than other genes in the zebra finch genome. Several of the avian immune genes investigated here provide strong candidates for in-depth studies of molecular adaptation in birds.
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