Impact of Maternal Allergy and Use of Probiotics during Pregnancy on Breast Milk Cytokines and Food Antibodies and Development of Allergy in Children until 5 Years
Impact of Maternal Allergy and Use of Probiotics during Pregnancy on Breast Milk Cytokines and Food Antibodies and Development of Allergy in Children until 5 Years
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DOI：
10.1159/000336157
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Savilahti, Erkki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuitunen, Mikael;Kukkonen, Anna Kaarina;Savilahti, Erkki
背景：母乳（BM）是否可以预防过敏已经被广泛研究，结果相互矛盾。母亲的BM组成的变化可以解释一些相互矛盾的结果。我们的目的是评估母体过敏和益生菌干预对BM食物抗体、转化生长因子（TGF）-β（2）和白细胞介素（IL）-10的影响，以及它们对2岁和5岁以下儿童过敏发展的影响。研究方法：我们测量了364个初乳样本和321个BM样本中的总伊加、针对牛奶（CM）的伊加抗体、酪蛋白、β-乳球蛋白和卵清蛋白（OVA）、TGF-β（2）和IL-10，这些样本是在3个月时从参与一项前瞻性研究的母亲中采集的，该研究评估了益生菌在过敏风险增加的队列中的过敏预防效果。结果：CM、酪蛋白和OVA抗体、TGF-β 2和IL-10在大多数标本中可检出。母体过敏与成熟BM中伊加对酪蛋白水平升高（p = 0.04）和TGF-β 2水平降低（p = 0.006）相关。益生菌补充与成熟BM中IL-10增加（p = 0.046）和酪蛋白伊加抗体减少（p = 0.027）相关。初乳中的高OVA伊加抗体与2岁时特应性的发展相关，而成熟BM中的低水平是2岁时湿疹发展的重要危险因素。骨髓中的TGF-β（2）水平构成了2岁时发生过敏的风险。结论：BM的免疫组成仅受母体特应性的轻微影响，并且可以通过补充益生菌来改变。BM组分对儿童过敏发展的影响很小。版权所有（C）2012 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Background: Whether breast milk (BM) can protect against allergy has been studied extensively, with conflicting results. Variations in mothers' BM composition may explain some of the conflicting results. Our aim was to assess the impact of maternal allergy and probiotic intervention on BM food antibodies, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(2) and interleukin (IL)-10 and their impact on allergy development in children until the ages of 2 and 5. Methods: We measured total IgA, IgA antibodies to cow's milk (CM), casein, beta-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin (OVA), TGF-beta(2) and IL-10 in 364 colostrum samples and 321 BM samples taken at 3 months from mothers participating in a prospective study evaluating the allergy-preventive effect of probiotics in a cohort with an increased risk for allergy. Results: CM, casein and OVA antibodies, TGF-beta(2) and IL-10 were detectable in most samples. Maternal allergy was associated with raised levels of IgA to casein (p = 0.04) and lower levels of TGF-beta(2) (p = 0.006) in mature BM. Probiotic supplementation was associated with increased IL-10 (p = 0.046) and decreased casein IgA antibodies (p = 0.027) in mature BM. High OVA IgA antibodies in colostrum were associated with the development of atopy by the age of 2, while low levels in mature BM were a significant risk factor for the development of eczema by the age of 2. TGF-beta(2) levels in BM constituted a risk for development of allergy by the age of 2. Conclusions: The immunologic composition of BM was only slightly affected by maternal atopy and could be altered by probiotic supplementation. Small effects of BM components on allergy development in children were evident. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel