GABA(A) receptors: structure and function in the basal ganglia.
GABA(A) receptors: structure and function in the basal ganglia.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0079-6123(06)60003-4
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wulff, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goetz, T.;Arslan, A.;Wisden, W.;Wulff, P.
γ-氨基丁酸 A 型 (GABAA) 受体是负责基底神经节快速抑制的主要抑制性神经递质受体，属于“cys-cys 环”配体门控离子通道超家族。 GABAA 受体形成亚基五聚体组装体，具有中央 Cl− 可渗透孔。当两个 GABA 分子与细胞外受体结构域结合时，寡聚物中会诱导构象变化，而在大多数成年神经元中，Cl− 会移动到细胞中，导致抑制性超极化。已鉴定出十九个哺乳动物亚基基因，每个亚基基因都显示出不同的区域和细胞类型特异性表达。亚基的组合组装产生了相当大的功能多样性。在这里，我们重点关注基底神经节中的 GABAA 受体表达：纹状体、苍白球、黑质和底丘脑核，其中除了标准的 α1β2/3γ2 受体亚型外，其他亚基（α2、α3、α4、γ1、γ3 和 δ）也在一些细胞核中表达显着水平。
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors responsible for fast inhibition in the basal ganglia, belong to the superfamily of “cys-cys loop” ligand-gated ion channels. GABAA receptors form as pentameric assemblies of subunits, with a central Cl− permeable pore. On binding of two GABA molecules to the extracellular receptor domain, a conformational change is induced in the oligomer and Cl−, in most adult neurons, moves into the cell leading to an inhibitory hyperpolarization. Nineteen mammalian subunit genes have been identified, each showing distinct regional and cell-type-specific expression. The combinatorial assembly of the subunits generates considerable functional diversity. Here we place the focus on GABAA receptor expression in the basal ganglia: striatum, globus pallidus, substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus, where, in addition to the standard α1β2/3γ2 receptor subtype, significant levels of other subunits (α2, α3, α4, γ1, γ3 and δ) are expressed in some nuclei.