Triggering extreme events at the nanoscale in photonic seas
Triggering extreme events at the nanoscale in photonic seas
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys3263
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Fratalocchi, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, C.;van der Wel, R. E. C.;Fratalocchi, A.
飓风、海啸、巨浪和龙卷风是罕见的自然现象，它们蕴含着异常巨大的能量，以概率的方式出现和迅速消失。这使得它们难以预测，也难以按需生成。在这里，我们证明了我们可以可控地触发类似于流氓波的罕见事件的发生，并系统地使用它们的产生来打破光传播的衍射极限。我们说明了这种现象的情况下，一个随机场，能量振荡之间的不相干的自由度。尽管每个波携带的能量低，我们说明了如何控制自发同步的机制，建设性地建立了光谱能量在整个带宽的字段成巨大的结构，其统计是可预测的。随机场的频率带宽越大，由这种机制建立的罕见事件的振幅就越大。我们的系统是由一个集成的光学谐振腔，实现在一个光子晶体芯片。通过近场成像实验，我们记录的局限流氓波的特点是由206 nm的空间定位和163 fs的超短持续时间在1.55 μ m的波长。这种局部化的能量图案形成在不需要非线性特性的确定性电介质结构中。
Hurricanes, tsunamis, rogue waves and tornadoes are rare natural phenomena that embed an exceptionally large amount of energy, which appears and quickly disappears in a probabilistic fashion. This makes them difficult to predict and hard to generate on demand. Here we demonstrate that we can trigger the onset of rare events akin to rogue waves controllably, and systematically use their generation to break the diffraction limit of light propagation. We illustrate this phenomenon in the case of a random field, where energy oscillates among incoherent degrees of freedom. Despite the low energy carried by each wave, we illustrate how to control a mechanism of spontaneous synchronization, which constructively builds up the spectral energy available in the whole bandwidth of the field into giant structures, whose statistics is predictable. The larger the frequency bandwidth of the random field, the larger the amplitude of rare events that are built up by this mechanism. Our system is composed of an integrated optical resonator, realized on a photonic crystal chip. Through near-field imaging experiments, we record confined rogue waves characterized by a spatial localization of 206 nm and with an ultrashort duration of 163 fs at a wavelength of 1.55 mu m. Such localized energy patterns are formed in a deterministic dielectric structure that does not require nonlinear properties.