An examination of the intestinal tract of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr fed different varieties of soy and maize.
An examination of the intestinal tract of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr fed different varieties of soy and maize.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00618.x
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发表时间：
2005-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Sanden;M. Berntssen;Å. Krogdahl;G. Hemre;A. Bakke-McKellep
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sanden;M. Berntssen;Å. Krogdahl;G. Hemre;A. Bakke-McKellep
本研究旨在探讨传统养殖和生物技术生产的植物产品对首次摄食大西洋鲑鱼（萨尔莫salar L.）肠道体细胞指数、组织学和细胞增殖的长期影响。（初始重量0.21 +/- 0.02 g）。配制标准鱼粉饮食（标准鱼粉）以含有鱼粉作为唯一蛋白质源和suprex玉米作为主要淀粉源。然后开发了六种实验饮食：两种饮食中，部分鱼粉被市售的转基因Roundup Ready全脂大豆粉（GM-大豆）或市售的非转基因全脂大豆粉（nGM-大豆）替代，占总饮食的12.5%，四种饮食中，suprex玉米被两种转基因玉米替代（Dekalb 1; D1和Pioneer 1; P1），均为事件MON 810的产物，及其半同胞非转基因对应物（Dekalb 2; D2和Pioneer 2; P2），水平为总饮食的12.1%。每种饮食在一式三份的水箱中喂给鱼，实验持续8个月，在此期间鱼达到101-116 g的最终重量。饮食对肠道指数无显著影响，幽门盲囊或中肠也未观察到组织学变化。在远端肠道中，9条喂食nGM-大豆的鱼中有1条显示出中度变化，9条喂食GM-大豆的鱼中有2条显示出变化，1条中度变化，1条重度变化，9条喂食nGM-玉米D2的鱼中有2条中度变化。使用增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的单克隆抗体，细胞增殖反应的实验饮食进行了评估。在喂食两种大豆饲料的鱼中，在远端肠中观察到显著更高（P < 0.05）的细胞增殖反应，伴随着沿着整个远端肠皱襞的PCNA阳性细胞的增加的定位。与所有其他饮食组相比，nGM-大豆组的PCNA反应显着更高。相比之下，对于暴露于膳食玉米（D型）的鱼，与饲喂标准鱼粉、大豆膳食（GM-大豆和nGM-大豆）和玉米（P型）的鱼相比，在远端肠中观察到显著较低（P < 0.05）的细胞增殖反应。结果表明，在这项研究中调查的转基因植物产品，在约12%的包容性水平，是安全的商业可用的非转基因产品，至少在他们的指数和大西洋鲑鱼肠道的组织学参数的影响。
This study was conducted to investigate the long-term effects of feeding plant products from both traditional breeding and from biotechnology on intestinal somatic indices, histology and cell proliferation in first-feeding Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. (initial weight 0.21 +/- 0.02 g). A standard fishmeal diet (standard fishmeal) was formulated to contain fishmeal as the sole protein source and suprex maize as the main starch source. Six experimental diets were then developed: two in which some of the fishmeal was replaced with commercially available, genetically modified Roundup Ready full-fat soybean meal (GM-soy) or commercially available, non-GM full-fat soybean meal (nGM-soy) at a level of 12.5% of the total diet, and four diets in which the suprex maize was replaced with two lines of GM-maize (Dekalb 1; D1 and Pioneer 1; P1), both products of event MON810, and their half-sibling non-GM counterparts (Dekalb 2; D2 and Pioneer 2; P2), at a level of 12.1% of total diet. Each diet was fed to fish in triplicate tanks and the experiment lasted for 8 months, during which the fish reached a final weight of 101-116 g. There was no significant effect of diet on the intestinal indices, nor were histological changes observed in the pyloric caeca or mid intestine. In the distal intestine, one of nine sampled fish fed nGM-soy showed moderate changes, two of nine sampled fish fed GM-soy showed changes, one with moderate and one with severe changes, and two of nine fish fed nGM-maize D2 had moderate changes. Using a monoclonal antibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cell proliferative responses to the experimental diets were assessed. In fish fed both soy diets, a significantly higher (P < 0.05) cell proliferation response was observed in the distal intestine concomitant with an increased localization of PCNA positive cells along the whole distal intestinal folds. The PCNA response among the nGM-soy group was significantly higher compared with all the other diet groups. In contrast, for fish exposed to dietary maize (type D) compared with fish fed the standard fishmeal, the soy-diets (GM-soy and nGM-soy) and maize (type P), a significantly lower (P < 0.05) cell proliferation response was observed in the distal intestine. Results indicated that the GM plant products investigated in this study, at about 12% inclusion level, were as safe as commercially available non-GM products, at least in terms of their effect on indices and histological parameters of the Atlantic salmon intestinal tract.