Identifying principal risk factors for the initiation of adolescent smoking behaviors: The significance of psychological reactance
Identifying principal risk factors for the initiation of adolescent smoking behaviors: The significance of psychological reactance
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327027hc1903_6
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Alvaro, Eusebio M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Claude H.;Burgoon, Michael;Alvaro, Eusebio M.
为一项主要的州反烟草媒体运动，对来自全州70个随机选择的教室的1831名学生（6-12年级）进行了一项校内青少年调查。烟草使用者占样本的近25%。测试前问卷评估了人口统计变量、烟草使用和各种其他风险因素。青少年烟草易感性的几个预测因子，包括吸烟史、学校成绩、父母吸烟状况、父母受教育程度、父母沟通、父母关系满意度、最好的朋友吸烟状况、社会环境中吸烟者的流行程度、与同伴压力有关的吸烟自我感知潜力和心理抗拒。使用判别分析和逻辑回归进行检验，以确定在将青少年分为高风险或低风险吸烟时最有用的因素。结果证实了预防文献的发现，表明年龄、先前的实验和有吸烟的朋友是吸烟风险的主要预测因素。新的证据表明，心理抗拒也应被视为青少年开始吸烟的重要预测因素。从反烟运动的目标和设计两方面讨论了通过对关键风险因素（特别是心理抗拒）的认识来传达反烟信息的效用。
An in-school youth survey for a major state antitobacco media campaign was conducted with 1,831 students (Grades 6-12) from 70 randomly selected classrooms throughout the state. Tobacco users accounted for nearly 25% of the sample. Pretest questionnaires assessed demographic variables, tobacco use, and various other risk factors. Several predictors of adolescents' susceptibility to tobacco use, including prior experimentation with tobacco, school performance, parental smoking status, parents' level of education, parental communication, parental relationship satisfaction, best friend's smoking status, prevalence of smokers in social environment, self-perceived potential to smoke related to peer pressure, and psychological reactance, were examined using discriminant analysis and logistic regression to identify the factors most useful in classifying adolescents as either high-risk or low-risk for smoking uptake. Results corroborate findings in the prevention literature indicating that age, prior experimentation, and having friends who smoke are among the principal predictors of smoking risk. New evidence is presented indicating that psychological reactance also should be considered as an important predictor of adolescent smoking initiation. The utility of producing antismoking messages informed by an awareness of the key risk factors-particularly psychological reactance-is discussed both in terms of the targeting and design of antitobacco campaigns.