Predicting the distribution of released Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) in central Japan
Predicting the distribution of released Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) in central Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/1440-1703.1063
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yumi Yamada;Satoru Itagawa;Takehito Yoshida;Mariko Fukushima;J. Ishii;M. Nishigaki;T. Ichinose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yumi Yamada;Satoru Itagawa;Takehito Yoshida;Mariko Fukushima;J. Ishii;M. Nishigaki;T. Ichinose
东方白色鹳（Ciconia boyciana）是主要受人为因素威胁的鸟类之一，其栖息地被认为是受保护的。2005年，日本首次重新引入该物种。但随着该物种的自然湿地栖息地正在减少，这些鸟现在更喜欢在稻田里觅食。因此，恢复以水稻为主的景观是重新引入计划进一步成功的关键。此外，迫切需要一种定量方法来评估有多少合适的栖息地以及栖息地的位置。在这项研究中，我们确定了影响东方白色鹳分布的环境因素，并使用重新引入个体的2年卫星跟踪数据制作了第一个预测空间分布图。最大熵（MaxEnt）方法用于模拟景观尺度（1km × 1km网格单元）的物种分布。我们确定了六个相关的环境变量。我们的研究结果突出了稻田面积的比例作为替代湿地栖息地的最有影响力的变量影响的分布积极。景观多样性代表了一个复杂的镶嵌的稻田和森林也是重要的物种，作为总长度的稻田森林边缘也有积极的影响栖息地的适合性。我们的预测分布图不能完全提供分布，但是，它可能是有价值的信息时，考虑在哪里应该保护栖息地，以保持东方白色鹳人口在日本。
The Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) is one of the species threatened by mainly anthropogenic factor and their habitats are considered to be conserved. The first reintroduction of the species in Japan occurred in 2005. But as the species' natural wetland habitats are declining, the birds now prefer to forage in rice paddies. Thus, restoring the paddy‐dominated landscape is key for further success in the reintroduction program. In addition, a quantitative method is urgently needed to assess how much suitable habitat is available and where it is located. In this study, we identified environmental factors that affect the distribution of the Oriental White Stork and produced the first predictive spatial distribution map using 2‐year satellite tracking data of reintroduced individuals. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) approach was used to model the species' distribution at the landscape scale (1 km × 1 km grid cells). We identified six relevant environmental variables. Our results highlight the proportion of area of rice paddies as alternative wetland habitat as the most influential variable affecting the distribution positively. Landscape diversity represented by a complex mosaic of paddies and forest is also important for the species, as total length of paddy–forest edge also had a positive effect on habitat suitability. Our predictive distribution map cannot entirely provide distribution; however, it may be valuable information when considering where should be conserved as habitat to maintain the Oriental White Stork population in Japan.