Review of current optical diagnostic techniques for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Review of current optical diagnostic techniques for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
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DOI：
10.5173/ceju.2016.780
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Tupikowski K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kołodziej A;Krajewski W;Matuszewski M;Tupikowski K
膀胱尿路上皮细胞癌是欧洲最常见的癌症之一。在前列腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌之后，膀胱癌是世界上第四大男性最常见的癌症。膀胱癌的检测、治疗和分期传统上是基于内窥镜检查-膀胱镜检查。在2015年9月进行了Medline和Web of Science数据库检索，未设置时间限制，使用术语“膀胱癌”以及“膀胱镜检查”、“诊断”、“检测”、“荧光”、“蓝光”、“PDD”、“窄带成像”、“分子成像”、“光学相干断层扫描”或“共焦激光显微镜检查”。新的成像技术可以根据其范围分为宏观，微观和分子。宏观技术，如窄带成像，类似于白色光膀胱镜检查;然而，它们通过对比增强有助于可视化膀胱粘膜中甚至非常微小的病变。显微成像技术，如光学相干断层扫描和共聚焦激光显微内镜，提供高分辨率的横截面视图的泡状组织，这类似于通过组织病理学检查获得的图像。因此，这些被称为“光学活检”。分子成像方法通过将光学成像与诸如抗体的元素的荧光标记相结合，提供癌细胞及其与健康组织的分化的高度特异性实时可视化。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个审查的研究和文献有关的现代光学诊断技术的非肌层浸润性膀胱癌。我们目前可用的技术，其优点和缺点，并研究其有效性。
Urinary bladder urothelial cell carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in Europe. After prostate, lung and colon cancers, bladder cancer rates as the fourth most common cancer in men in the world. Urinary bladder cancer detection, treatment, and staging have traditionally been based on an endoscopic examination – cystoscopy. A Medline, and Web of Science database search was performed on September 2015 without setting time limits, using the terms ‘bladder cancer’ in conjunction with ‘cystoscopy’, ‘diagnosis’, ‘detection’, ‘fluorescence’, ‘blue-light’, ‘PDD’, ‘narrow band imaging’, ‘molecular imaging’, ‘optical coherence tomography’ or ‘confocal laser endomicroscopy’. The new imaging techniques can be classified according to their scope as macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular. Macroscopic techniques, such as narrow band imaging, are similar to white light cystoscopy; however, they help visualize even very minute lesions in the bladder mucosa by means of contrast enhancement. Microscopic imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography and confocal laser endomicroscopy, provide high-resolution cross-sectional views of vesicular tissues, which resemble images obtained by histopathological examination. Therefore, these are referred as ‘optical biopsy’. Molecular imaging methods offer highly specific real-time visualization of cancer cells and their differentiation from healthy tissue, by combining optical imaging with fluorescent labeling of elements such as antibodies. In this article we present a review of studies and literature concerning modern optical diagnostic techniques for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We present available technology with its advantages and disadvantages, and studies regarding its effectiveness.