Corrosion protection with hard coatings on steel: Past approaches and current research efforts
Corrosion protection with hard coatings on steel: Past approaches and current research efforts
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.08.069
复制
发表时间：
2014-10-25
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kappl, Herbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fenker, Martin;Balzer, Martin;Kappl, Herbert
本文综述了近年来国内外有关物理气相沉积（PVD）和等离子体辅助化学气相沉积（PACVD）在钢基体上沉积硬质涂层的腐蚀行为的研究成果。我们自己的实验室的腐蚀调查已经在几个地点增加，以补充缺失的知识或引入新的未发表的数据。对薄膜的生长、显微结构和硬质涂层中固有的缺陷种类进行了详细的讨论。研究了涂层厚度和一些工艺参数对涂层钢耐蚀性的影响。在此初期部分之后，介绍了硬质氮化物涂层、多层涂层、合金或改性氮化物涂层、绝缘氮化物、氧化物或氧氮化物涂层以及双相处理钢的腐蚀行为。自己的研究和发表的结果表明，单层，导电氮化物涂层可以在一定程度上保护钢，只有当非常厚的涂层（>= 10 μ m）应用或如果使用高能沉积方法（如离子辅助沉积）。硬涂层的腐蚀行为的明显改善可以通过沉积方法沉积的适当的多层结构来获得，该多层结构允许能量凝聚，即具有高的离子-原子通量比。通过牺牲元素如镁使TiN合金化也能够显著提高低合金钢的耐腐蚀性。还报道了绝缘涂层如AlN、氮氧化物涂层或氧化物涂层的惊人改进。然而，最显著的改进似乎是双重治疗的应用。等离子渗氮+ PVD涂层或PVD涂层+原子层沉积（ALD）分别使中性盐雾试验中的红锈时间延长>2天至1周。双重处理的唯一缺点是成本较高最近，通过共聚焦显微镜对TiN涂层表面在盐雾测试之前和之后的映射表明，微观和宏观尺度生长缺陷中的开放孔隙主要控制钢上的硬质涂层的腐蚀行为。涂层微观结构-即亚微米级形态-似乎在腐蚀行为中仅起次要作用。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This work gives a review on published results on the corrosion behavior of hard coatings deposited on steel substrates by mainly physical vapor deposition (PVD) or in some cases by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD). Corrosion investigations of our own lab have been added at several sites to complete missing knowledge or to introduce new non-published data. A detailed discussion of thin film growth, microstructure and the kind of defects inherent in hard coatings has been given. Then the influence of coating thickness and some processing parameters on the corrosion resistance of coated steel is demonstrated. After this incipient part, the corrosion behavior of hard nitride coatings, multilayer coatings, alloyed or modified nitride coatings, insulating nitride, oxide or oxynitride coatings and duplex treated steel is being presented. Own investigations and published results show that single layered, conducting nitride coatings can protect steel to some extent only if very thick coatings (>= 10 mu m) are applied or if energetic deposition methods (e.g. ion-assisted deposition) are used. Distinct improvements of the corrosion behavior of hard coatings can be obtained by a proper multilayer structure deposited by deposition methods allowing energetic condensation, i.e. possessing a high ion-to-atom flux ratio. Alloying TiN by a sacrificial element, like magnesium, is also capable of significantly improving the corrosion resistance of low alloyed steel. Amazing improvements have also been reported for insulating coatings like AIN, oxynitride coatings or oxide coatings. However, the most significant improvement seems to be the application of duplex treatments. Plasma nitriding + PVD coating or PVD coating + atomic layer deposition (ALD) prolonged the time to red rust in neutral salt spray test for >2 days up to one week, respectively. The only disadvantage of the duplex treatments is the higher cost Recently, mapping by a confocal microscope of TiN coating surfaces before and after salt spray testing showed that open porosities in micro- and macro-scale growth defects mainly govern the corrosion behavior of hard coatings on steel. The coating microstructure - i.e. the submicronscale morphology - seems to play only a secondary role in the corrosion behavior. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.