Top‐predator control on islands boosts endemic prey but not mesopredator
Top‐predator control on islands boosts endemic prey but not mesopredator
复制标题
岛屿上的顶级捕食者控制增加了特有猎物的数量，但没有增加中捕食者的数量
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00376.x
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
E. Vidal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Bonnaud;D. Zarzoso;K. Bourgeois;Lise Ruffino;J. Legrand;E. Vidal
在岛屿上引入的捕食者造成了许多本土物种的灭绝和灭绝。猫的捕食对海鸟特别有害，猫的控制或根除通常是减少它们对当地动物的负面影响的最佳选择。然而，在去除CAT后，需要监测潜在的级联效应，如中食动物释放效应。在港克罗斯岛，开展了一场猫控制运动，以消除野猫捕食对小海豚种群的强烈和反复的威胁，而不损害绝育的家猫种群。为了评价这场活动对一个岛屿特有和濒危物种的保护价值，通过SCAT分析和诱捕成功，研究了剩余家猫的食性和影响。此外，为了评估海鸟种群的恢复情况并检测任何潜在的中掠食者释放效应，在控制猫科动物之前、旁边和之后对剪切水和老鼠种群进行了监测。只使用了活陷阱，大多数猫在根除猫的第一年就被困住了。上一次猫在叶尔库安剪羊毛上捕食的事件发生在次年。在控制猫科动物的第一年，羊水种群数量的恢复主要归因于新繁殖者在群体中的定居。老鼠种群动态波动很大，但即使在繁殖腔内老鼠和剪切水之间的相互作用增加，也没有记录到老鼠捕食剪切水的证据。因此，在Port-Cros岛上控制猫科动物是当地物种保护的成功，证明了这种管理策略可以导致当地物种数量的增加，这里是Yelkouan shearwater，而没有任何证据表明中掠食者的释放效应。
Introduced predators on islands are responsible for numerous native species extirpations and extinctions. Predation by cats is particularly detrimental to seabirds and cat control or eradication is generally the best option to reduce their negative impacts on native fauna. However, potential cascading effects, such as mesopredator release effect, need to be monitored after cat removal. In Port‐Cros Island, a cat control campaign was undertaken to eliminate the strong and recurrent threat from feral cat predation to the small yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan population, without harming a neutered domestic cat population. To evaluate the conservation value of this campaign for an island endemic and endangered species, the diet and impact of the remaining domestic cats were studied through scat analysis and trap success. Moreover, to evaluate the recovery of the seabird population and detect any potential mesopredator release effect, shearwater and rat populations were monitored before, alongside and after the cat control. Only live traps were used, and most cats were trapped in the first year of cat eradication. The last incidence of cat predation on the yelkouan shearwater occurred the following year. The recovery of the shearwater population, occurring the first year of cat control, was mainly attributable to the settlement of new breeders in the colony. Rat population dynamics fluctuated widely but, even though the interactions between rats and shearwaters at breeding cavities increased, no evidence of rat predation on shearwaters was recorded. Thus, cat control on Port‐Cros Island was a success for native species conservation, proving that such management strategy can induce an increase in the population of the endemic species, here the yelkouan shearwater, without any evidence of a mesopredator release effect.