Subthalamic stimulation, oscillatory activity and connectivity reveal functional role of STN and network mechanisms during decision making under conflict
Subthalamic stimulation, oscillatory activity and connectivity reveal functional role of STN and network mechanisms during decision making under conflict
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.001
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Boetzel, Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hell, Franz;Taylor, Paul C. J.;Boetzel, Kai
抑制性控制是一种重要的执行功能，对于抑制过早行为和阻止无关刺激的干扰是必要的。目前的实验研究和模型强调了主动和反应机制，并声称几个皮质和皮质下结构参与了反应抑制。然而，涉及的结构、网络机制和潜在神经活动的行为相关性仍然存在争议。我们报告了帕金森氏症患者在接受和不接受脑深部刺激(DBS)的刺激-反应冲突任务中，完全植入感觉神经刺激器的皮层脑电和侵袭性丘脑下部局部场电位的记录。星展银行在保持冲突影响不变的同时，总体上使反应时间更快：这种对冲突没有任何影响的情况可能是我们的任务所固有的，鼓励高度的主动抑制。漂移扩散模型表明，DBS影响决策阈值，漂移率受刺激冲突的影响。皮层脑电和丘脑底核(STN)LFP振荡均能反映反应时(RT)。根据这些结果，我们对STN中以前与冲突相关的振荡提供了不同的解释，并建议STN实施一般的特定于任务的决策阈值。丘脑-皮质振荡连接的时间进程和地形图提示运动、额中线和后部区域参与了一个更大的网络，具有互补的功能、振荡机制和结构。虽然β振荡在功能上与运动皮质-下丘脑的连接有关，但低频振荡揭示了丘脑-额叶-后部的网络。根据我们的结果，我们认为主动和反应性机制和结构参与了任务相关的动态抑制信号的实现。我们认为，具有互补振荡机制的运动控制网络和执行控制网络在音调上是活跃的，对刺激做出反应，并在不确定性解决后在响应时释放抑制，然后返回默认状态。
Inhibitory control is an important executive function that is necessary to suppress premature actions and to block interference from irrelevant stimuli. Current experimental studies and models highlight proactive and reactive mechanisms and claim several cortical and subcortical structures to be involved in response inhibition. However, the involved structures, network mechanisms and the behavioral relevance of the underlying neural activity remain debated. We report cortical EEG and invasive subthalamic local field potential recordings from a fully implanted sensing neurostimulator in Parkinson's patients during a stimulus- and response conflict task with and without deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS made reaction times faster overall while leaving the effects of conflict intact: this lack of any effect on conflict may have been inherent to our task encouraging a high level of proactive inhibition. Drift diffusion modelling hints that DBS influences decision thresholds and drift rates are modulated by stimulus conflict. Both cortical EEG and subthalamic (STN) LFP oscillations reflected reaction times (RT). With these results, we provide a different interpretation of previously conflict-related oscillations in the STN and suggest that the STN implements a general task-specific decision threshold. The timecourse and topography of subthalamic-cortical oscillatory connectivity suggest the involvement of motor, frontal midline and posterior regions in a larger network with complementary functionality, oscillatory mechanisms and structures. While beta oscillations are functionally associated with motor cortical-subthalamic connectivity, low frequency oscillations reveal a subthalamic-frontal-posterior network. With our results, we suggest that proactive as well as reactive mechanisms and structures are involved in implementing a task-related dynamic inhibitory signal. We propose that motor and executive control networks with complementary oscillatory mechanisms are tonically active, react to stimuli and release inhibition at the response when uncertainty is resolved and return to their default state afterwards.