Burden of Influenza-Like Illness and Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination among Working Adults Aged 50-64 Years
Burden of Influenza-Like Illness and Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination among Working Adults Aged 50-64 Years
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DOI：
10.1086/595842
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Ehlinger, Edward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nichol, Kristin L.;D'Heilly, Sarah J.;Ehlinger, Edward
背景对流感疾病的影响和疫苗接种的益处的不了解可能导致50-64岁成年人的疫苗接种率较低。这项前瞻性队列研究评估了50-64岁在职成年人的流感样疾病（ILI）负担，以及流感疫苗接种在降低ILI率和生产力损失方面的有效性。2006年10月，通过电子邮件邀请明尼苏达大学（明尼阿波利斯）的雇员参加这项研究。在基线（2006年10月）和随访期间（2006年11月至2007年4月），使用基于互联网的调查收集研究数据。2006-2007年流感季节的月份是从明尼苏达州卫生部的监测数据中回顾性确定的。在控制了重要的混杂因素后，使用多变量回归模型评估了流感季节疫苗对降低ILI发生率、ILI相关的卫生保健使用、患病天数、工作损失和在职生产率降低的有效性。研究纳入了497例患者，其中85例（17.1%）发生了ILI。在未接种疫苗的参与者中，ILI占流感季节所有患病天数的45%，所有与疾病相关的工作日损失的39%，以及所有与疾病相关的工作效率降低的49%。在多变量回归分析中，疫苗接种与ILI发生率的显着降低（调整后的比值比，0.48; 95%置信区间，0.27-0.86）以及患病天数、缺勤天数减少和在职表现受损相关。结论。ILI在我们的研究参与者中很常见，占流感季节疾病，工作损失和工作表现受损的很大一部分。接种疫苗与健康和生产力的巨大益处有关。应改善对这一高度优先群体的疫苗供应。
Background. Uncertainties regarding influenza disease impact and benefits of vaccination may contribute to low vaccination rates among adults aged 50-64 years.Methods. This prospective cohort study assessed the burden of influenza-like illness (ILI) among working adults aged 50-64 years and the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing the rate of ILI and productivity losses. Employees of the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis) were invited via e-mail to participate in the study during October 2006. The study data were collected using internet-based surveys at baseline (October 2006) and during the follow-up period (from November 2006 through April 2007). Months included in the 2006-2007 influenza season were identified retrospectively from Minnesota Department of Health surveillance data. Vaccine effectiveness for reducing the rate of ILI, ILI-associated health care use, the number of days of illness, work loss, and reduced on-the-job productivity during the influenza season were assessed using multivariable regression models after controlling for important confounders.Results. Four hundred ninety-seven persons were included in the study, 85 (17.1%) of whom experienced an ILI. Among unvaccinated participants, ILI was responsible for 45% of all days of illness during the influenza season, 39% of all illness-related work days lost, and 49% of all days with illness-related reduced on-the-job productivity. In the multivariable regression analyses, vaccination was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of ILI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.86) and fewer days of illness, absenteeism, and impaired on-the-job performance.Conclusion. ILIs were common among our study participants, accounting for a large portion of illness, work loss, and impaired work performance during the influenza season. Vaccination was associated with substantial health and productivity benefits. Vaccine delivery should be improved for this high-priority group.