Precision Health: The Role of the Social and Behavioral Sciences in Advancing the Vision.
Precision Health: The Role of the Social and Behavioral Sciences in Advancing the Vision.
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DOI：
10.1093/abm/kaaa018
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nebeker C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hekler E;Tiro JA;Hunter CM;Nebeker C
2015年，Collins和Varmus阐述了精准医学的愿景，强调疾病的分子特征，以识别可操作的生物标志物，以支持个性化治疗。研究人员提出了一个更广泛的概念，即精确健康。精准健康是一个雄心勃勃的健康概念，它包括研究与实践以及医学、人口健康和公共卫生之间的动态联系。目标是采取统一办法，使各种促进、预防、诊断和治疗干预措施与健康的基本和可采取行动的决定因素相匹配；不仅要解决症状，还要直接针对健康的遗传、生物、环境、社会和行为决定因素。本文的目的是阐明社会和行为科学在精准健康中的作用。最新的技术、研究框架和方法为衡量、干预和开展社会和行为科学研究提供了新的途径。这些方法支持社会科学和行为科学可以共同带来的精准健康方面的三个机会，包括：(a)制定不断“调整”每个人不断变化的需求的干预措施；(b)加强和加速研究与实践之间的联系；(c)研究现实环境中的变化机制。精准医疗面临三大挑战：(a)知识组织和管理方法；(b)合乎道德的研究行为；(c)公平实施精准医疗。精准健康需要社会和行为科学家的积极领导。先前的工作和证据确凿地证明了为什么社会科学和行为科学应该在三个机会和三个挑战领域共同发挥作用。制定干预措施，提供与每个人、医疗保健系统或社区需求相匹配的支持，这被称为“精准健康”，需要社会科学和行为科学以及其他学科（如生物医学研究）的积极共同领导。具体而言，需要社会和行为科学来有意义地针对和改善健康的根本原因决定因素，例如行为、社会和环境因素。
In 2015, Collins and Varmus articulated a vision for precision medicine emphasizing molecular characterization of illness to identify actionable biomarkers to support individualized treatment. Researchers have argued for a broader conceptualization, precision health. Precision health is an ambitious conceptualization of health, which includes dynamic linkages between research and practice as well as medicine, population health, and public health. The goal is a unified approach to match a full range of promotion, prevention, diagnostic, and treatment interventions to fundamental and actionable determinants of health; to not just address symptoms, but to directly target genetic, biological, environmental, and social and behavioral determinants of health. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the role of social and behavioral sciences within precision health. Recent technologies, research frameworks, and methods are enabling new approaches to measure, intervene, and conduct social and behavioral science research. These approaches support three opportunities in precision health that the social and behavioral sciences could colead including: (a) developing interventions that continuously “tune” to each person’s evolving needs; (b) enhancing and accelerating links between research and practice; and (c) studying mechanisms of change in real-world contexts. There are three challenges for precision health: (a) methods of knowledge organization and curation; (b) ethical conduct of research; and (c) equitable implementation of precision health. Precision health requires active coleadership from social and behavioral scientists. Prior work and evidence firmly demonstrate why the social and behavioral sciences should colead with regard to three opportunity and three challenge areas. Developing interventions that provide support that is matched to each person, healthcare system, or community’s needs, which is being called “precision health,” requires active co-leadership from the social and behavioral sciences along with others, such as biomedical research. Specifically, the social and behavioral sciences are needed to meaningfully target and improve root cause determinants of health, such as behavioral, social, and environmental factors.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1093/jamia/ocx080
发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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DOI：
10.1186/1748-5908-8-117
发表时间：
2013-10-02
期刊：
Implementation science : IS
影响因子：
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作者：
Chambers DA;Glasgow RE;Stange KC
通讯作者：
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