A bidirectional battery charger for electric vehicles with V2G and V2H capability and active and reactive power control
A bidirectional battery charger for electric vehicles with V2G and V2H capability and active and reactive power control
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具有 V2G 和 V2H 功能以及有功和无功功率控制的电动汽车双向电池充电器
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
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通讯作者：
G. Bachmaier
中科院分区：
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作者：
Iason Vittorias;M. Metzger;Dennis Kunz;M. Gerlich;G. Bachmaier
提出了一种使用三相电压源逆变器(VSI)的双向电池充电器，用于插电式电动汽车应用，实现了同时进行有功和无功控制的车辆到电网(V2G)和车辆到家(V2H)功能。充电器由具有电压下降控制的电网监控单元控制，向其提供P(有功)和Q(无功)功率请求，并负责报告其可用功率储备(视在功率)。在V2G模式下，观察电网电压，d-q坐标系上的电流控制器与三相逆变器一起实现能量双向传递。也可以进行电感式或电容式无功补偿。电网负荷的不对称性也可以通过对控制制度的轻微修改来补偿。此外，在V2H模式下，充电器系统可视为主电网形成发电机，负责在网络频率上提供稳定的电压。提出了一种合适的同步策略，以保证与电网的平稳重联。该体系结构在SIMULINK中建模，旨在实现西门子股份公司现有的电动汽车和智能电网原型。
A bidirectional battery charger using a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) is presented to be employed in plug-in electric vehicle applications enabling Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) functionality with simultaneous active and reactive power control. The charger is controlled by a grid supervising unit with voltage droop control, providing it with P (active) and Q (reactive) power requests, and is responsible of reporting back its available power reserves (apparent power). In V2G mode the grid voltage is observed and a current controller on the d-q coordinate system together with the three phase inverter can transfer energy in both directions. Also reactive power compensation, inductive or capacitive, is possible. Asymmetries on the grid load can also be compensated by slight modifications of the control regime. Further, in V2H mode, the charger system can be seen as the master grid-forming generator responsible to provide a stable voltage at the network frequency. A proper synchronization strategy is presented as well, to guarantee smooth reconnection with the power grid. The proposed architecture is modeled in Simulink and aims the realization in existing electric vehicle and smart grid prototypes of the Siemens AG.