A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane
A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane
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DOI：
10.1038/35036572
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发表时间：
2000-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Pfannkuche, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boetius, A;Ravenschlag, K;Pfannkuche, O
全球产生的甲烷有很大一部分在海洋沉积物中通过厌氧氧化转化为二氧化碳(1)。甲烷剖面(2)、放射性示踪实验(3)和稳定碳同位素数据(4)是缺氧沉积物中甲烷净消耗量的强有力的地球化学证据。但是，参与这一反应的难以捉摸的微生物还没有被分离出来，甲烷厌氧氧化的途径也还没有被充分了解。最近的数据表明，某些古生菌通过与硫酸盐还原细菌的相互作用来逆转产甲烷的过程(5-7)。在这里，我们为古生菌和硫酸盐还原细菌的结构化联合体提供了显微证据，我们通过使用特定的16S rRNA靶向寡核苷酸探针的荧光原位杂交鉴定了这一联合体。在这个结构化的古菌-细菌共生的例子中，古菌生长在大约100个细胞的密集聚集体中，并被硫酸盐还原细菌包围。这些聚集体在富含天然气水合物的沉积物中含量丰富，具有极高的甲烷硫酸盐还原速率，显然参与了甲烷的厌氧氧化。
A large fraction of globally produced methane is converted to CO2 by anaerobic oxidation in marine sediments(1). Strong geochemical evidence for net methane consumption in anoxic sediments is based on methane profiles(2), radiotracer experiments(3) and stable carbon isotope data(4). But the elusive microorganisms mediating this reaction have not yet been isolated, and the pathway of anaerobic oxidation of methane is insufficiently understood. Recent data suggest that certain archaea reverse the process of methanogenesis by interaction with sulphate-reducing bacteria(5-7). Here we provide microscopic evidence for a structured consortium of archaea and sulphate-reducing bacteria, which we identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization using specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. In this example of a structured archaeal-bacterial symbiosis, the archaea grow in dense aggregates of about 100 cells and are surrounded by sulphate-reducing bacteria. These aggregates were abundant in gas-hydrate-rich sediments with extremely high rates of methane-based sulphate reduction, and apparently mediate anaerobic oxidation of methane.