Cavity-mediated collective spin-exchange interactions in a strontium superradiant laser
Cavity-mediated collective spin-exchange interactions in a strontium superradiant laser
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aar3102
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
M. Norcia;R. J. Lewis-Swan;J. R. Cline;B. Zhu;A. Rey;J. K. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Norcia;R. J. Lewis-Swan;J. R. Cline;B. Zhu;A. Rey;J. K. Thompson
一种原子耦合腔的原子集合已经成为多体动力学的强大模拟器。设计原子之间可控的相互作用是至关重要的，无论是直接的还是通过介体。Norcia等人。在由置于光学腔中的锶原子组成的系统中，开发了一种灵活的替代现有原子模拟器的方法。通过时钟跃迁连接的两个原子态各自充当有效自旋，腔光子介导的长程自旋交换相互作用。经过改进，该装置有望能够模拟非平衡量子动力学，并在计量学中得到应用。科学，这一期第259页，在光学腔中锶原子之间的工程相互作用导致了多体能隙的出现。激光冷却和量子简并原子正被用作量子模拟器，构成了当今最精确的传感器的基础。实现这些目标的一个关键挑战是理解和控制原子之间的相干相互作用。我们观察到了由光学腔介导的长程交换相互作用，它表现为可调谐的自旋-自旋相互作用，该系统由锶中的毫赫兹线宽时钟跃迁组成。这导致了单轴扭转动力学，多体能隙的出现，以及对光学相干性的间隙保护，使其免受某些消相干源的影响。我们的观察将有助于未来设计多功能的量子模拟器和使用量子关联增强计量学的下一代原子钟。
An atom-coupling cavity Ensembles of atoms have emerged as powerful simulators of many-body dynamics. Engineering controllable interactions between the atoms is crucial, be it direct or through a mediator. Norcia et al. developed a flexible alternative to existing atomic simulators in a system consisting of strontium atoms placed in an optical cavity. Two atomic states connected by a clock transition each served as an effective spin, with long-range spin-exchange interactions mediated by the cavity photons. With improvements, the setup is expected to be amenable to simulating nonequilibrium quantum dynamics and to have applications in metrology. Science, this issue p. 259 Engineered interactions between strontium atoms in an optical cavity lead to the emergence of a many-body energy gap. Laser-cooled and quantum degenerate atoms are being pursued as quantum simulators and form the basis of today’s most precise sensors. A key challenge toward these goals is to understand and control coherent interactions between the atoms. We observe long-range exchange interactions mediated by an optical cavity, which manifest as tunable spin-spin interactions on the pseudo spin-½ system composed of the millihertz linewidth clock transition in strontium. This leads to one-axis twisting dynamics, the emergence of a many-body energy gap, and gap protection of the optical coherence against certain sources of decoherence. Our observations will aid in the future design of versatile quantum simulators and the next generation of atomic clocks that use quantum correlations for enhanced metrology.