Notes on Refinements and Higher Order Beliefs
Notes on Refinements and Higher Order Beliefs
复制标题
关于细化和高阶信念的注释
DOI：
10.1007/s42973-019-00007-w
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stephen Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atsushi Kajii;Stephen Morris
本文提出了一个简单的框架，使我们能够调查和相关的博弈论文献的一些不同的链。我们描述了一个“规范”的方式添加不完整的信息到一个完整的信息游戏。这个框架允许我们给出一个简单的“完全理论”解释（Kreps 1990）的标准规范形式的完善，如完善，并与完善的“高阶信念文学”（Rubinstein 1989; Monderer and Samet 1989; Rob et al. 1995; Kajii and Morris 1997）和“收益不确定性方法”（Fudenberg et al. 1988; Dekel and Fudenberg 1990）.特别地，本文提供了一个统一的框架，将Kajii and Morris（1997）[Hereafter，KM 1997]中引入的对不完全信息鲁棒的均衡概念与经典的精化文献联系起来。Fudenberg et al.（1988）和Kreps（1990）将纳什均衡的改进与一个“完全理论”联系起来，在这个“完全理论”中，行为是通过关于收益的明确的不完全信息来合理化的，而不是依赖于行动的颤抖或其他外源性扰动。它遵循Fudenberg和Tirole（1991）第14章的思路，提供了一个关于精化的统一处理方法和一个关于高阶信念的文献，而不是提出一个特定的解概念。
This paper presents a simple framework that allows us to survey and relate some different strands of the game theory literature. We describe a “canonical” way of adding incomplete information to a complete information game. This framework allows us to give a simple “complete theory” interpretation (Kreps 1990) of standard normal form refinements such as perfection, and to relate refinements both to the “higher order beliefs literature”(Rubinstein 1989; Monderer and Samet 1989; Rob et al. 1995; Kajii and Morris 1997) and the “payoff uncertainty approach”(Fudenberg et al. 1988; Dekel and Fudenberg 1990).In particular, this paper provided a unified framework to relate the notion of equilibria robust to incomplete information introduced in Kajii and Morris (1997)[Hereafter, KM1997] to the classic refinements literature. It followed Fudenberg et al.(1988) and Kreps (1990) in relating refinements of Nash equilibria to a “complete theory” where behavior was rationalized by explicit incomplete information about payoffs, rather than depending on action trembles or other exogenous perturbations. It followed Fudenberg and Tirole (1991), chapter 14, in providing a unified treatment of refinements and a literature on higher-order beliefs rather than proposing a particular solution concept.