Evidence of more immanent justice responding in adults than children: A challenge to traditional developmental theories
Evidence of more immanent justice responding in adults than children: A challenge to traditional developmental theories
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成年人比儿童更有内在正义反应的证据：对传统发展理论的挑战
DOI：
10.1348/026151004323044609
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Winer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Raman;G. Winer
三项研究调查了内在正义的发展变化，要求参与者对一个人的不良行为随后带来负面后果的小插曲做出反应。研究一包括152名六年级学生和128名大学生，并向参与者展示了一幅小插图，以检验坏人应该生病的概念。研究二包括185名六年级学生和154名大学生，调查儿童和成年人是否认为不良行为会导致疾病。研究3包括96名三年级学生，115名五年级学生和114名大学生，并向参与者展示了检查消极行为及其后果的小插曲。与基于传统和现代发展理论的预期相反，所有三项研究都证明了成年人比小学生更多的内在正义反应的证据。这些结果对传统和现代发展理论的全面性提出了质疑，并建议在构建发展理论时需要检查成年期的认知推理。
Three studies investigated developmental changes in immanent justice responding by asking participants to respond to vignettes in which a person's bad behaviour was followed by a negative consequence. Study 1 consisted of 152 sixth graders and 128 college students and presented participants with a vignette that examined the notion of bad people deserving to get ill. Study 2 consisted of 185 sixth graders and 154 college students and examined whether children and adults reasoned that that bad behaviour would actually cause the illness. Study 3 consisted of 96 third graders, 115 fifth graders, and 114 college students, and presented participants with vignettes that examined negative behaviours and consequences. Contrary to expectations based on traditional and contemporary developmental theories, all three studies demonstrated more evidence of immanent justice responding among adults than among elementary school children. These results call into question the comprehensiveness of traditional and contemporary developmental theories, and suggest the need to examine cognitive reasoning in adulthood when constructing developmental theories.