Electronic cigarettes. Potential harms and benefits.
Electronic cigarettes. Potential harms and benefits.
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DOI：
10.1513/annalsats.201311-391fr
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Upson, Dona
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drummond, M Bradley;Upson, Dona
电子烟是一种释放含尼古丁蒸汽的设备，在全国和全球范围内的使用迅速增加。这些装置被视为传统卷烟的“更健康替代品”并在市场上销售，但关于其安全性及其在减少危害和治疗烟草依赖方面的功效的数据很少；人们对它们对人口健康的总体影响了解得更少。本综述重点介绍了有关电子烟毒性、对肺功能的影响以及减少和戒烟功效的最新数据。研究表明，电子烟产生的蒸汽含有不同数量的尼古丁和潜在有害毒素，尽管含量低于传统香烟。电子烟的长期致癌性和肺功能影响尚不清楚。虽然一些数据表明电子烟可能有效地减少传统香烟的消费，但没有数据表明电子烟作为一种实现戒烟的工具的有效性。在强有力的纵向评估证明电子烟的安全性和治疗烟草依赖的有效性之前，它们作为减少危害工具的作用尚不清楚。
Use of electronic cigarettes, devices that deliver a nicotine-containing vapor, has increased rapidly across the country and globally. Perceived and marketed as a "healthier alternative" to conventional cigarettes, few data exist regarding the safety of these devices and their efficacy in harm reduction and treatment of tobacco dependence; even less is known about their overall impact on population health. This review highlights the recent data regarding electronic cigarette toxicity, impact on lung function, and efficacy in smoking reduction and cessation. Studies show that the vapor generated from electronic cigarettes has variable amounts of nicotine and potential harmful toxins, albeit at levels lower than in conventional cigarettes. The long-term carcinogenic and lung function effects of electronic cigarettes are not known. Although some data demonstrate that electronic cigarettes may be effective in reducing conventional cigarette consumption, there are no data demonstrating the efficacy of electronic cigarettes as a tool to achieve cessation. Until robust longitudinal evaluations demonstrate the safety of electronic cigarettes and efficacy in treatment of tobacco dependence, their role as a harm reduction tool is unclear.