The Origin of the Continuous Spectrum of the Hydrogen Molecule.
The Origin of the Continuous Spectrum of the Hydrogen Molecule.
复制标题
氢分子连续光谱的起源。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.14.11.867
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发表时间：
1928
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
E. Stueckelberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Winans;E. Stueckelberg
PALMZR物理实验室，PRINCZTON UNIV1RSITY于1928年9月24日通信氢分子的连续光谱从极端紫外线延伸到光谱的可见部分。J·卡普兰对Blackett和Frank、Oldenberg、Horton和Davies、Crew和Hulbert等人发现的实验事实进行了理论讨论。最成功的解释是，这种连续的光谱起源于一个具有电子能量(也许还有振动能量)的氢分子解离成两个具有不同相对动能的原子。Heitler和London2应用波动力学来计算H2基态的势能曲线，以一种有趣的方式完善了电子能级系统。除了已知的L态之外，他们还发现了另一条没有任何最小值的曲线，这代表了两个H原子可能相互反应的另一种方式。他们称这条曲线为13S，因为两个电子之间的对称关系暗示了这个名称。图1显示了由Y.Sugiura计算的曲线13s。2曲线115表示LP的近似势能曲线的实验值。它与计算出的L曲线最小相差约1.5伏，但形状相同。我们在图1中画出了属于23S态的势能曲线的最小值的抛物线近似。图2显示了Birge给出的电子能级图，3由13S能级完成，其核运动没有量子化，对应于图1中的曲线。在可见光下，Richardson分析了单线态能级之间的跃迁，Dieke和Hopfield分析了单重态能级之间的跃迁，紫外线中分析了Hori。三胞胎系统是由Ri4hardson安排的。3没有已知的系统间组合。我们认为非设计者-
PALMZR PHYSIcAL LABORATORY, PRINCZTON UNIV1RSITY Communicated September 24, 1928 The continuous spectrum of the hydrogen molecule extends from the extreme ultra-violet far into the visible part of the spectrum. A theoretical discussion of the experimental facts, as found by Blackett and Franck, Oldenberg, Horton andDavies, Crew and Hulbert, and others, is given by J. Kaplan. The most successful explanation was the theory that this con-tinuous spectrum originates in the dissociation of a hydrogen molecule having electronic (and perhaps vibrational) energy into two atoms having various amounts of relative kinetic energy.'The application of wave mechanics by Heitler and London2 to calculate the potential energy curves of the ground state of H2 completes the system of electronic levels in an interesting way. They find besides the known l'S state another curve without any miinimum, representinganother way in which two H atoms may react with each other. They call this curve 13S, because the symmetry relations between the two electrons suggestthis designation. Figure 1 shows the curve 13S as calculatedby Y. Sugiura. 2 The curve 115 represents the experimental value of the approximated potential energy curve for lPS. It differs about 1.5 volts at the minimum from the calculated l'S curve, but has the same shape. We draw in figure 1 theparabolic approximation of the minimum of the potential energy curves belonging to the 23S state. Figure 2 shows thepicture of the electronic levels as given by Birge, 3 completed by the 13S level, whose nuclear motions are not quantized, and which corresponds to the curve in figure 1. The transitiois between the singlet levels were analyzed by Richardson in the visible-nd by Dieke and Hopfield and Hori in the ultra-violet. The triplet system has been arrangedby Ri4hardson. 3 No intersystem combinations are known. We have regarded the non-desig-