Alcohol exposure in utero and functional deficits in children during the first four years of life.
Alcohol exposure in utero and functional deficits in children during the first four years of life.
复制标题
子宫内酒精暴露和儿童出生后四年内的功能缺陷。
DOI：
10.1002/9780470720868.ch11
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martin,DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Streissguth,AP;Barr,HM;Martin,DC
使用纵向前瞻性设计研究了子宫内不同酒精暴露量的行为影响。在怀孕第5个月，对1529名孕妇进行了抽样调查，内容涉及饮料消费、饮食、药物使用和社会经济背景；在分娩时选取约500名婴儿进行随访。对出生至四岁的儿童进行了长时间的个人行为和人体测量学检查。即使在调整了母亲吸烟、吸毒和饮食、教育、出生顺序和家庭压力等变量之后，与酒精有关的行为影响在4岁时仍然具有统计学意义，就像出生时和8个月时一样。习惯化、吸吮压力和吸吮潜伏期是在第1天和第2天受影响最大的行为，而反应时间、注意力和反应潜伏期在4岁时受影响最大。因此，子宫内的酒精暴露似乎会影响后代信息处理的速度和准确性。研究结果支持对大多数行为结果的剂量反应效应，而不是阈值效应。然而，临床怀疑或异常儿童的风险增加只发生在较重的饮酒水平。正在对500名7岁儿童进行检查。
The behavioural effects of varying amounts of alcohol exposure in utero were studied using a longitudinal prospective design. An unselected sample of 1529 pregnant women was interviewed in the fifth month of pregnancy regarding beverage consumption, diet, drug use, and socioeconomic background; a cohort of approximately 500 infants was selected at delivery for follow-up. Lengthy individual behavioural and anthropometric examinations were made of the children between birth and four years of age. Alcohol-related behavioural effects are still statistically significant at four years, as they were at birth and eight months, even after adjustment for variables such as maternal smoking, drug use and diet, education, birth order and family stress. Habituation, sucking pressure and latency to suck are some of the behaviours most affected on days 1 and 2, while reaction time, attention and response latency are most affected at four years. Thus alcohol exposure in utero appears to affect the speed and accuracy of information-processing in the offspring. The findings support a dose-response rather than a threshold effect on most of these behavioural outcomes. However, increased risk of a clinically suspect or abnormal child occurs only at the heavier drinking levels. Examination of the cohort of 500 children at seven years of age is under way.