Factors associated with HIV-1 infection among sex workers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Factors associated with HIV-1 infection among sex workers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1097/00002030-200101050-00013
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发表时间：
2001-01-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Fontanet, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aklilu, M;Messele, T;Fontanet, A
目的：为了解埃塞俄比亚阿迪斯市性工作者艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染的流行情况和危险因素，采用横断面调查方法，对阿迪斯市两个卫生中心的性工作者进行了社会人口学特征、行为和HIV血清学检测。有几个因素与艾滋病毒感染风险的增加显著相关[其中包括在“共用房间”工作，大量客户，使用注射激素和梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集（TPPA）血清学阳性]，以及其他风险降低的因素（出生在阿迪斯，教育水平高，关于性工作、使用避孕套、使用口服避孕药和使用避孕套的同伴教育）。有趣的是，与其他人相比，使用避孕套避孕的性工作者更有可能持续使用避孕套（分别为65%和24%; P < 0.001），感染艾滋病毒的可能性较小（分别为55%和86%; P < 0.001）。在多变量分析[对数二项模型，估计患病率（PR）]中，出生在阿迪斯（PR = 0.74; 95%置信区间（CI），0.61-0.91），使用避孕套避孕（PR = 0.73; 95%CI，0.64-0.85），和阳性TPPA血清学（PR = 1.21; 95%CI，1.09-1.36），仍然显着相关的HIV infection.Conclusions：艾滋病毒感染率是非常高的性工作者的亚的斯亚贝巴。性工作者使用安全套不仅是为了预防艾滋病毒和性传播疾病，而且也是为了避孕，安全套的使用率较高，艾滋病毒的流行率较低。这一发现对发展中国家性工作者的预防战略具有特别重要的意义。(C)2001年利平科特威廉姆斯&威尔金斯。
Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection among sex workers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Design and methods: Cross-sectional survey on socio-demographic characteristics, behaviours, and HIV serological status of sex workers attending two health centres of Addis Ababa.Results: HIV prevalence among sex workers was 274 of 372 (73.7%). Several factors were significantly associated with an increased risk of being HIV-infected [among others, working in 'shared rooms', high number of clients, use of injectable hormones, and positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) serology], and others with a decreased risk (being born in Addis Ababa, high level of education, peer education on sex work, condom use, use of oral pill, and use of condoms for contraception). Of interest, sex workers who were using condoms for contraception were, compared with others, more likely to use condoms consistently (65 versus 24%, respectively; P < 0.001), and less likely to be HIV-infected (55 Versus 86%, respectively; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis [log-binomial model, giving estimates of the prevalence ratio (PR)], being born in Addis Ababa (PR = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61-0.91), using condoms for contraception (PR = 0.73; 95% Cl, 0.64-0.85), and a positive TPPA serology (PR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.36), remained significantly associated with HIV infection.Conclusions: HIV prevalence was remarkably high among sex workers of Addis Ababa. Condom use was higher, and HIV prevalence lower, in sex workers using condoms not only for prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases, but also for contraceptive purpose. This finding is of particular interest for its implications for prevention strategies among sex workers in the developing world. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.