Stimulus overselectivity in autistic and mentally retarded children--a research note.
Stimulus overselectivity in autistic and mentally retarded children--a research note.
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自闭症和弱智儿童的刺激过度选择性——一份研究报告。
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-7610.1984.tb01727.x
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发表时间:
1984
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Freeman,BJ
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Frankel,F;Simmons3rd,JQ;Fichter,M;Freeman,BJ
WHEN AUTISTIC children are trained to respond to multiple cues their behavior tends to come under the control of a restricted subset of these cues. This phenomenon has been referred to as' stimulus overselectivity'(Lovaas et al., 1971) because in the same paradigm, normal children demonstrate that they can respond to a much larger set of cues than autistic children can. The implication has been"... that the children respond to only part of a relevant cue, or even to a minor, often irrelevant feature of the environment, without learning about the other relevant portions of that environment"(Lovaas et at., 1979, p. 1237). Studies have shown that neither the number of cues to be learned (Lovaas and Schreibman, 1971) nor the modality of the cues (Koegel and Wilhelm, 1973; Reynolds et ai, 1974) seems to influence the degree of overselectivity in autistic children relative to control subjects. But the degree of overselectivity has appeared to be a function of the similarity of cues (cf. Koegel and Lovaas, 1978) and the number of exposures to component cues presented alone (Schreibman et al., 1977), Lovaas et al.(1971) first espoused the view that stimulus overselectivity may represent a key deficit in autistic children. Many authors have suggested that overselectivity may play a role in deficits which autistic children evidence in social and linguistic areas (Reynolds et ai, 1974; Frankel et ai, 1976; Wilhelm and Lovaas, 1976; Lovaas et ai, 1979). Recently, however, concern was raised that either IQ or mental age may be related to the degree of overselectivity which a child displays, regardless of diagnosis (Wilhelm and Lovaas, 1976; Koegel and Lovaas, 1978; Lovaas et ai, 1979). Lovaas et al.(1979, p. 1241) expressed the following reservations:" It remains to be determined whether this general finding that relates mental age to overselectivity will hold up with multimodal stimuli.... Until such studies employing such stimulus compounds are carried out, the status of overselectivity as an etiological factor in autism remains in doubt...." The difficulty inherent in adequately determining mental age in order to make autistic, retarded and normal groups somewhat comparable has plagued this area of research since its beginning. Scepticism has been raised concerning the validity
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DOI:
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发表时间:
1974
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
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发表时间:
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