Return of the Lost Boys to South Sudan: A Strategy to Building a Stronger South Sudan
Return of the Lost Boys to South Sudan: A Strategy to Building a Stronger South Sudan
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失踪男孩返回南苏丹：建设更强大的南苏丹的战略
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Thon Agany. Ayiei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thon Agany. Ayiei
摘要：2000年，美国重新安置了一群被称为“迷失男孩”的南苏丹年轻人。自从他们抵达后，这些迷失的男孩中的许多人都谈到在美国接受教育后回到南苏丹帮助重建工作。南苏丹政府和美国政府支持他们的回归，但到目前为止，只有少数失踪男孩返回，尽管南苏丹在2011年7月和平地成为一个独立的国家。这篇论文调查了为什么这些难民长期以来一直表示希望返回家园，却没有大量返回。结果表明，文献中通常引用的变量（即家庭关系，确保职业机会和爱国主义）对于那些在美国永久定居的人，那些已经返回南苏丹的人，以及那些表示有兴趣返回但没有这样做的人具有相似的价值。研究发现，年龄、婚姻状况、收入和教育水平等个人因素对总体风险厌恶程度有影响，其中迁居者的风险厌恶程度最高，归国者的风险厌恶程度最低。平均而言，那些对回国犹豫不决的人比回国的人更年轻，更有可能是单身和无子女的，更贫穷，受教育程度更低。综上所述，这表明他们更倾向于规避风险，因此，旨在减少与遣返有关的风险的政策干预将有助于增加失踪男孩的返回家园。基于这些发现，本文建议南苏丹政府、失踪男孩和美国政府共同努力，为希望返回家园的失踪男孩制定一个遣返计划。
Abstract : In 2000, the United States resettled a group of young South Sudanese men, known as the Lost Boys, in the United States. Since their arrival, many of these Lost Boys have spoken of returning to South Sudan to help with reconstruction efforts after getting an education in the United States. The governments of South Sudan and the United States support their return, but only a few Lost Boys have returned so far, even though South Sudan peacefully became an independent country in July, 2011. This thesis investigates why these refugees, who have long expressed a desire to return home, are not returning in large numbers. The results show that variables generally cited in the literature (i.e., family ties, securing occupational opportunities, and patriotism) have similar value for those who have resettled permanently in the United States, those who have returned to South Sudan, and those who have expressed an interest in returning but have not done so. Personal factors such as age, marital status, income, and education level are found to contribute to overall risk averseness, which is highest among the resettled and lowest among the returned. On average, those in limbo about returning are younger, more likely to be single and childless, poorer, and less educated than those who have returned. Taken together, this suggests that they tend to be more risk averse, and thus policy interventions designed to reduce the risk associated with repatriation would serve to increase the return home of the Lost Boys. Based on these findings, this thesis recommends that the government of South Sudan, the Lost Boys, and the United States government work together to create a repatriation program for the Lost Boys who desire to return to their homeland.