EMBRYOLOGY OF BARLEY - TIME COURSE AND ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLED FERTILIZATION AND EARLY EMBRYO FORMATION BASED ON SERIAL SECTIONS
EMBRYOLOGY OF BARLEY - TIME COURSE AND ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLED FERTILIZATION AND EARLY EMBRYO FORMATION BASED ON SERIAL SECTIONS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1756-1051.1989.tb01002.x
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
ENGELL, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ENGELL, K
本工作的目的是确定在控制条件下生长的大麦品系受精、胚胎和胚乳发育的序列及其时间安排。这项研究包括受控授粉和包埋在甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯中的材料的连续切片。在大麦属(Hordeum bilgare cv.波米，花粉管在授粉后40分钟内到达珠心。在接下来的几分钟里，试管在珠心细胞之间前进，穿过退化的助细胞的丝状装置并释放其内容物，其特征是棒状淀粉粒。其中一个精子核与卵核相融合，另一个与两个极核相接触，但其中一个极核与精核之间的真正联系在授粉后10小时内才发生。合子的第一次分裂发生在22-24小时，34小时有3个细胞，38小时和52小时有4个细胞，胚胎由7个细胞组成。原胚层的形成是在72-80h.a.P.的14细胞胚胎期开始的。初生胚乳核分裂14h.a.P.下一次分裂发生在第一次分裂之后不久，因此胚乳已经是四核的，已经18h.a.P.进一步的分裂是同步的，30-38h.a.P.将有超过32个核。同步分裂继续进行，细胞化大约在70h左右开始。胚珠的扩大与胚胎发育的最初几天的胚囊之间存在密切的相关性。
The aim of this work was to determine the sequences and their time schedule in fertilization, embryo and endosperm development in a barley strain grown under controlled conditions. This study involved controlled pollinations and serial sectioning of material embedded in glycol methacrylate. In Hordeum vulgare cv. Bomi the pollen tube reaches the nucellus in the course of 40 minutes after pollination (m.a.P.). In the next minutes the tube advances between the nucellar cells, through the filiform apparatus of the degenerating synergid and releases its contents, which is characterized by rod-shaped starch grains. One of the sperm nuclei is fused with the egg nucleus 45 m.a.P., the second is in contact with the two polar nuclei 50-60 m.a.P., but the real connection between one of the polar nuclei and the sperm nucleus does not occur before 10 hours after pollination (h.a.P.). Triple fusion between all three nuclei takes place about 13 h.a.P. The first division in the zygote takes place 22-24 h.a.P. The embryo has got 3 cells at 34 h.a.P., 4 cells at 38 h and 52 h.a.P. the embryo is composed of 7 cells. Protoderm formation takes place from a 14-celled embryo stage at 72-80 h.a.P. The primary endosperm nucleus divides 14 h.a.P. The next division takes place soon after the first; therefore the endosperm is 4-nucleated already 18. h.a.P. Further divisions are synchronized, and 30-38 h.a.P. there will be more than 32 nuclei. The synchronous divisions continue, and the cellularisation begins at about 70 h.a.P. There is a tight correlation between the enlargement of the ovule and the embryo sac in the first days of the embryo development.