Regional patterns of anthropogenic influences on streams and rivers in the conterminous United States, from the early 1970s to 2012
Regional patterns of anthropogenic influences on streams and rivers in the conterminous United States, from the early 1970s to 2012
复制标题
1970 年代初至 2012 年美国本土人为影响溪流和河流的区域模式
DOI：
10.1080/1747423x.2019.1590473
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
L. Sprague
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James Falcone;J. Murphy;L. Sprague
摘要本文介绍了一个数据集，其中包含一致的时间序列测量的人类活动可能会影响流质量在美国接壤，并总结了最值得注意的趋势，从61个变量在16个类别。数据包括对大气沉降、农业生产、牲畜、城市化、灌溉、土地使用、肥料、水坝/水库和农药使用等方面的测量。趋势期从10年到40年不等，最早从1970年开始，到2012年结束。提供了1992-2012年的详细摘要。主要成果包括：城市化和“远郊化”的增加，特别是在南部、西南部和大西洋中部;中西部大部分地区作物产量和化肥使用的增加;牲畜集中度的增加，特别是猪/猪;密西西比河下游和密苏里州河下游流域的灌溉、水坝和水库的增加，农药草甘膦的使用普遍增加;以及大气中硫酸盐沉积的普遍减少。这些结果和其他结果为评估过去四十年来水质变化的潜在原因提供了框架。
ABSTRACT This paper introduces a dataset containing consistent time-series measurements of anthropogenic activities potentially affecting stream quality across the conterminous United States and summarizes the most noteworthy trends from 61 variables in 16 categories. Data include measures of atmospheric deposition, agricultural production, livestock, urbanization, irrigation, land use, nutrients from fertilizer, dams/reservoirs, and pesticide use, among others. The trend periods range from 10 to 40 years, beginning as early as 1970 and ending in 2012. Detailed summaries are provided for 1992-2012. Key results include: increase of urbanization and ‘exurbanization’, particularly in the South, Southwest, and Mid-Atlantic; increases in crop production and fertilizer use in much of the Midwest; increases in the concentration of livestock, particularly of hogs/pigs; increases in irrigation, dams, and reservoirs in the Lower Mississippi and Lower Missouri watersheds, widespread increase in the use of the pesticide glyphosate; and widespread decrease in atmospheric deposition of sulfate. These results and others provide a framework for evaluating potential causes of water-quality changes over the past four decades.