Baseline Characteristics and Generalizability of Participants in an Internet Smoking Cessation Randomized Trial.
Baseline Characteristics and Generalizability of Participants in an Internet Smoking Cessation Randomized Trial.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12160-016-9804-x
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Graham AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cha S;Erar B;Niaura RS;Graham AL
互联网戒烟研究中潜在的抽样偏倚已被广泛认可。然而，很少有研究明确解决了互联网戒烟治疗试验中的样本代表性问题。使用国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的加权数据，检查参加互联网戒烟干预随机对照试验的参与者的普遍性。在2012年3月至2015年1月期间，共有5，290名戒烟网站的新用户参加了试验。描述性统计总结了筛选和入组受试者的基线特征，多变量分析检查了入组的预测因素。概括性分析比较了2012-2014年NHIS波中试验参与者与当前吸烟者（n= 19，043）的人口统计学和吸烟特征，以及基于互联网使用和戒烟行为的NHIS亚组（n= 3，664）。获得效应量以评价变量间差异的大小。研究入组的预测因素包括年龄、性别、种族、教育程度和戒烟动机。与NHIS吸烟者相比，试验参与者更可能是女性，受过大学教育，每天吸烟，并且在过去一年中尝试戒烟（所有效应量0.25-0.60）。与NHIS亚组相比，性别和教育程度的差异被削弱，而每日吸烟和吸烟率的差异被放大。互联网试验参与者和全国代表性的吸烟者样本之间几乎没有差异，所有这些都在预期的方向上。这项研究强调了以有重点和具体的方式评估普遍性的重要性。
The potential for sampling bias in Internet smoking cessation studies is widely recognized. However, few studies have explicitly addressed the issue of sample representativeness in the context of an Internet smoking cessation treatment trial. To examine the generalizability of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of an Internet smoking cessation intervention using weighted data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). A total of 5,290 new users on a smoking cessation website enrolled in the trial between March 2012–January 2015. Descriptive statistics summarized baseline characteristics of screened and enrolled participants and multivariate analysis examined predictors of enrollment. Generalizability analyses compared demographic and smoking characteristics of trial participants to current smokers in the 2012–2014 waves of NHIS (n=19,043), and to an NHIS subgroup based on Internet use and cessation behavior (n=3,664). Effect sizes were obtained to evaluate the magnitude of differences across variables. Predictors of study enrollment were age, gender, race, education, and motivation to quit. Compared to NHIS smokers, trial participants were more likely to be female, college educated, daily smokers, and to have made a quit attempt in the past year (all effect sizes 0.25–0.60). In comparisons with the NHIS subgroup, differences in gender and education were attenuated while differences in daily smoking and smoking rate were amplified. Few differences emerged between Internet trial participants and nationally representative samples of smokers, and all were in expected directions. This study highlights the importance of assessing generalizability in a focused and specific manner.
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12.7
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