Amblyopia and Real-World Visuomotor Tasks
Amblyopia and Real-World Visuomotor Tasks
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DOI：
10.3109/09273972.2011.600423
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Moseley, Merrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant, Simon;Moseley, Merrick
在过去的十年中，基础科学和临床管理界越来越感兴趣的一个问题是，患有弱视和相关双眼视觉异常的儿童和成人在执行现实世界的行动时是否会遇到困难，而视觉通常会做出重要的功能性贡献。在这里，我们提供了客观的证据，他们这样做，通过审查定量数据，从一些研究比较他们的表现与匹配的正常视力的受试者在一系列的日常视觉任务。因为在真实的生活中，这些任务（抓取物体、行走、驾驶、阅读）习惯性地在双眼睁开的情况下进行，所以我们关注的是他们的双眼技能缺陷，而不是那些只有弱视眼的人。一般的研究结果是，患有异常双眼的个体在运动控制的关键方面--运动速度、准确性或两者--在这些活动中的每一个上都表现出损伤，其程度与他们的立体视能力的丧失相关，但与他们弱视的严重程度无关。当任务有时间限制或新颖时，损伤尤其明显。影响是，儿童和成人严重减少或缺乏双眼可能是事故多发时，需要迅速应对意外情况，弱视的管理应更多地关注评估和恢复立体视和立体运动处理。
A question of increasing interest to the basic science and clinical management communities during the past decade is whether children and adults with amblyopia and associated binocular visual abnormalities experience difficulties in executing real-world actions, to which vision normally makes an important functional contribution. Here we provide objective evidence that they do, by reviewing quantitative data from a number of studies comparing their performance with that of matched normally sighted subjects on a range of everyday visuomotor tasks. Because in real life, these tasks (grasping objects, walking, driving, reading) are habitually performed with both eyes open, our focus is on their binocular skill deficits, rather than those with their amblyopic eye alone. General findings are that individuals with abnormal binocularity show impairments in critical aspects of motor control-movement speed, accuracy or both-on every one of these activities, the extent of which correlates with their loss of stereoacuity, but not the severity of their amblyopia. Impairments were especially marked when the task was time-limited or novel. Implications are that children and adults with severely reduced or absent binocularity may be accident-prone when required to respond rapidly to unexpected situations and that amblyopia management should focus more attention on evaluating and restoring stereoacuity and stereomotion processing.