Habitat use of bonobos (Pan paniscus) at Wamba: Selection of vegetation types for ranging, feeding, and night-sleeping
Habitat use of bonobos (Pan paniscus) at Wamba: Selection of vegetation types for ranging, feeding, and night-sleeping
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万巴倭黑猩猩 (Pan paniscus) 的栖息地利用：选择用于活动、进食和夜间睡眠的植被类型
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22392
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Takakazu Yumoto and Takeshi Furuichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saeko Terada;Janet Nackoney;Tetsuya Sakamaki;Mbangi Norbert Mulavwa;Takakazu Yumoto and Takeshi Furuichi
了解大型类人猿的栖息地要求对于有效的保护战略至关重要。我们研究了年度栖息地使用的倭黑猩猩组在Wamba领域网站内的罗科学保护区，刚果民主共和国。利用卫星图像，我们将该组的范围划分为三种森林类型：（1）原始和古老的次生林（P/OS），（2）年轻的次生林和农业（YS/Ag），和（3）沼泽森林（Sw）。我们对这组动物进行了为期一年的跟踪（2007-2008），并比较了三种森林类型在测距、觅食和夜间睡眠方面的使用情况。我们还记录了倭黑猩猩的饮食，并监测了每种森林类型每月的水果供应情况。该组的范围和饲料更经常在P/OS和较少出现在YS/Ag和SW比预期的栖息地的可用性。此外，该组睡眠主要在P/OS（94%的监测夜晚），但也在YS/Ag（1%）和Sw（5%）。在P/OS的水果可用性没有显着的影响，栖息地的选择，但在YS/Ag组喂养最经常在两个月内，在P/OS的水果是最不丰富的。在六月，当Uapacaspp。（倭黑猩猩选择性地吃）一般在西南丰富，该集团主要是在那里散步和睡觉。倭黑猩猩在所有三种森林类型中最常以草本植物为食。在西南部，倭黑猩猩经常吃蘑菇。我们的研究结果表明，半开放的森林与丰富的草本植物，如YS/Ag可能是一个重要的觅食栖息地，并可能提供后备食物倭黑猩猩时，水果稀缺。此外，如果有足够的食物资源和树木筑巢的机会，SW可以季节性地作为一个主要的栖息地，以补充P/OS。我们的结论是倭黑猩猩根据自己的需要使用不同的栖息地，我们强调了在保护规划中维持目标物种种群的重要性。Am. J. Primatol. 77：701-713，2015.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Understanding the habitat requirements of great apes is essential for effective conservation strategies. We examined annual habitat use of a bonobo group in the Wamba field site within the Luo Scientific Reserve, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Using satellite imagery, we categorized the group's ranging area into three forest types: (1) primary and old secondary forest (P/OS), (2) young secondary forest and agriculture (YS/Ag), and (3) swamp forest (Sw). We tracked the group for 1 year (2007–2008) and compared usage of the three forest types for ranging, feeding, and night‐sleeping. We also recorded what the bonobos ate and monitored monthly fruit availability in each forest type. The group ranged and fed more often in P/OS and less often in YS/Ag and Sw than expected based on habitat availability. Also, the group slept mostly in P/OS (94% of nights monitored), but also in YS/Ag (1%), and Sw (5%). Fruit availability in P/OS had no significant effect on habitat selection, but the group fed in YS/Ag most often during the two months when fruits in P/OS were least abundant. In June, when fruit ofUapacaspp. (selectively eaten by bonobos) was generally abundant in Sw, the group mostly ranged and slept there. The bonobos fed most often on herbaceous plants in all three forest types. In Sw, the bonobos frequently ate mushrooms. Our results show that semi‐open forest with abundant herbaceous plants such as YS/Ag could be an important feeding habitat and may provide fallback food for bonobos when fruits are scarce. Furthermore, Sw can serve seasonally as a main habitat to complement P/OS if adequate food resources and tree nesting opportunities are available. We conclude that bonobos use diverse habitats depending on their needs and we highlight the importance of minor‐use habitats for sustaining populations of target species in conservation planning. Am. J. Primatol. 77:701–713, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.