Production and R&D Networks of Foreign Ventures in China: Implications for Technological Dynamism and Regional Development
Production and R&D Networks of Foreign Ventures in China: Implications for Technological Dynamism and Regional Development
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.06.008
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Wei;Yu Zhou;Yifei Sun;G. Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Wei;Yu Zhou;Yifei Sun;G. Lin
本文分析了外商直接投资在中国生产和研发活动中的本地网络的性质，并讨论了它们对技术活力和区域发展的影响。我们调查了信息和通信技术(ICT)行业的外国企业(或外商投资企业，FIE)，基于对中国三个特大城市地区的ICT公司的大规模调查：北京、上海-苏州和深圳-东莞。我们的数据显示，中国的外商投资企业正在逐步本地化生产，但当地嵌入的程度取决于母国效应、当地特定背景和外商直接投资与东道国的关系。我们还发现，产业集聚对FDI区位和网络决策有显著影响。北京往往拥有更广泛的FDI来源和更好地整合全球-本地网络，而在那些以FDI为主的地区，如苏州和东莞，外商投资企业与当地经济的嵌入性很弱，往往会在它们之间建立全球-本地网络；本地嵌入性受到一系列技术、制度、空间和结构不匹配的限制。上海和深圳介于两者之间。要更好地将外商直接投资与当地经济结合起来，增强中国的当地创新能力，还需要做出更多努力。
This paper analyzes the nature of FDI local networks in production and R&D activities in China and discusses their implications for technological dynamism and regional development. We investigate foreign ventures (or foreign-invested enterprises, FIEs) in the information and communication technology (ICT) industry, based on a large-scale survey of ICT firms conducted in three mega-city regions of China: Beijing, Shanghai–Suzhou, and Shenzhen–Dongguan. Our data show that FIEs in China are gradually localizing their production, but the extent of local embeddedness is contingent upon home country effects, local specific contexts and FDI–host region relationships. We have also found significant influence of industrial agglomeration on FDI location and network decisions. Beijing tends to have broader FDI sources and better integrated global–local networks, while in those regions dominated by FDI such as Suzhou and Dongguan, FIEs are thinly embedded with local economies and tend to establish global–local networks among themselves; local embeddedness is limited by a series of technological, institutional, spatial, and structural mismatches. Shanghai and Shenzhen are in between. More efforts are still needed to better integrate FDI with local economies and strengthen China’s local innovative capacities.