Epistemological Anarchy and the Many Forms of Constructivism
Epistemological Anarchy and the Many Forms of Constructivism
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认识论的无政府状态和多种形式的建构主义
DOI：
10.1023/a:1017991331853
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
David R. Geelan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David R. Geelan
建构主义已成为科学教育研究与实践的重要参照。各种或多或少不同形式的建构主义已经发展起来：这些形式之间的讨论偶尔会很激烈。为了提供建构主义理论领域的概述，本文简要地描述了六种这样的形式。本文提出了一种建构主义写作特征的方案，该方案基于对(A)知识的个人建构与社会建构以及(b)科学本质的客观主义与相对主义观点的相对强调。理论创造和反思性的问题，核心的建构主义实践，讨论。有人认为，关于建构主义的“最佳”形式的辩论是适得其反的。费耶阿本德（Feyerabend）描述了一种更有力的认识论方法，即在各种不相适应的观点的辩证张力中持有：以下文章的写作信念是，无政府主义虽然可能不是最具吸引力的政治哲学，但肯定是认识论和科学哲学的绝佳良药（费耶阿本德，1975,17，原文是倾斜的）。
Constructivism has become an important referent for research and practice in science education. A variety of more or less divergent forms of constructivism have developed: discussion between these is occasionally heated. Six such forms are briefly described in order to provide an overview of the field of constructivist theory. A scheme for characterising constructivist writing on the basis of its relative emphasis on (a) personal versus social construction of knowledge and (b) objectivist versus relativist views of the nature of science is suggested. Issues of theory creation and reflexivity, central to constructivist practice, are discussed. It is suggested that debate about the "best" form of constructivism is counterproductive. A more powerful approach to epistemology is that described by Feyerabend, the holding in dialectical tension of a variety of incompatible perspectives:The following essay is written in the conviction that anarchism, while perhaps not the most attractive political philosophy, is certainly excellent medicine for epistemology, and for the philosophy of science (Feyerabend, 1975, 17, italics in original).