Spatially resolved flux measurements of NOx from London suggest significantly higher emissions than predicted by inventories.
Spatially resolved flux measurements of NOx from London suggest significantly higher emissions than predicted by inventories.
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来自伦敦的氮氧化物的空间分辨通量测量表明排放量明显高于清单预测的排放量。
DOI：
10.1039/c5fd00170f
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Vaughan AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vaughan AR
到目前为止，直接验证全市范围内的空气污染物排放清单一直是困难的或不可能的。然而，最近的技术创新现在允许直接测量城市的污染物通量，以便与排放清单进行比较，排放清单本身通常用于预测当前和未来的空气质量，并帮助指导减排战略。使用涡流协方差技术测量了一架低空飞行在伦敦上空的飞机的NOx通量。在伦敦市中心观测到的通量最高，在郊区测得的通量较低。足迹模型被用来估计所测量的排放发生的空间面积。这使得可以将通量测量与英国国家大气排放清单(NAEI)的NOx进行比较，使用比例系数来说明测量的实际时间、一周中的一天和一年中的月份。这一对比表明，NAEI严重低估了伦敦的NOx排放，这主要是因为它低估了现实世界的道路交通排放。还利用伦敦大气排放清单(LAEI)中的实际驾驶排放系数和道路测量数据，与改进版的清单进行了比较。使用改进后的版本，测量到库存的协议得到了实质性的改进，显示了充分考虑道路交通的重要性，道路交通是伦敦主要的NOx排放源。在伦敦市中心，与通量测量相比，库存仍然低估了30%-40%，这表明NOx排放库存仍需大幅改善。
To date, direct validation of city-wide emissions inventories for air pollutants has been difficult or impossible. However, recent technological innovations now allow direct measurement of pollutant fluxes from cities, for comparison with emissions inventories, which are themselves commonly used for prediction of current and future air quality and to help guide abatement strategies. Fluxes of NOx were measured using the eddy-covariance technique from an aircraft flying at low altitude over London. The highest fluxes were observed over central London, with lower fluxes measured in suburban areas. A footprint model was used to estimate the spatial area from which the measured emissions occurred. This allowed comparison of the flux measurements to the UK's National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) for NOx, with scaling factors used to account for the actual time of day, day of week and month of year of the measurement. The comparison suggests significant underestimation of NOx emissions in London by the NAEI, mainly due to its under-representation of real world road traffic emissions. A comparison was also carried out with an enhanced version of the inventory using real world driving emission factors and road measurement data taken from the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (LAEI). The measurement to inventory agreement was substantially improved using the enhanced version, showing the importance of fully accounting for road traffic, which is the dominant NOx emission source in London. In central London there was still an underestimation by the inventory of 30–40% compared with flux measurements, suggesting significant improvements are still required in the NOx emissions inventory.
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
James D. Lee;C. Helfter;R. Purvis;S. Beevers;D. Carslaw;A. Lewis;S. Moller;A. Tremper;A. Vaughan;E. Nemitz
通讯作者：
James D. Lee;C. Helfter;R. Purvis;S. Beevers;D. Carslaw;A. Lewis;S. Moller;A. Tremper;A. Vaughan;E. Nemitz
模拟对流边界层中保守物种和活性物种的昼夜循环
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Lenschow;D. Gurarie;E. Patton
通讯作者：
E. Patton
加利福尼亚州上空生物异戊二烯的空气通量测量
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Misztal;P. Misztal;T. Karl;T. Karl;R. Weber;H. Jonsson;A. Guenther;A. Guenther;A. Goldstein
通讯作者：
A. Goldstein
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
A. Desai;Ke Xu;H. Tian;Peter A. Weishampel;J. Thom;D. Baumann;A. Andrews;B. Cook;J. King;R. Kolka
通讯作者：
A. Desai;Ke Xu;H. Tian;Peter A. Weishampel;J. Thom;D. Baumann;A. Andrews;B. Cook;J. King;R. Kolka
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
A. Held
通讯作者：
A. Held